BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD

"Biography is the only true history." Emerson.

Biographic Sketches of Leading Citizens of Cowley County, Kansas.

BIOGRAPHICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY.

GEORGE RICHMOND, Pres.; S. HARMER NEFF, Sec'y; C. R. ARNOLD, Treas.

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

1901.

[1871] PAGE 193.

GEORGE L. ABBOTT was a prominent fruit grower residing in Walnut township, where he cultivated 40 acres, comprising the southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 19, township 32, range 5 east. Twenty acres of this farm constituted one of the finest orchards in Cowley County, while the remainder was devoted to berries.

Mr. Abbott was born October 12, 1841, on government land in Cook County, Illinois, now included in the present site of Chicago, which was then government land.

Mr. Abbott was the son of Samuel S. and Jane (Boyd) Abbott.

Four children survived of the eight born [1901]:

George L.; N. H., who located in Cowley County during the early 1870s, living near Winfield; Ella J., who resided with her brother, N. H.; and John S., who lived on North Church Street in Winfield, and was a section foreman on the Southern Kansas Railway of Texas.

In 1871 Mr. Abbott, in a party of four, including his brother, N. H., chartered a car at Chicago and went to Humboldt, Kansas, whence they drove to Dexter, Cowley County.

George L. Abbott chose the northwest quarter of section 24, township 32, range 7 east, which was about five miles south of Cambridge. He lived there six months, when he took a deed of the place, and returned to Chicago, to wait until the county became settled. In Chicago he conducted a bakery, confectionery, and ice cream store, which, a few years later, he sold and worked at the carpenter's trade until 1885. In that year he journeyed to Winfield, and rented a farm in Walnut Township for two years, having sold his preemption on account of its being too far from any city. He then moved to Winfield, where he operated a feed store during 1888 and 1889. Disposing of that business, he purchased the south half of the southwest quarter of section 19, township 32, range 5 east. He erected a small home and large barn, and devoted his time to the raising of fruit, making berries his specialty. His orchard of 20 acres included a large variety of trees, which yielded abundantly, and no better fruit farm could be found in the vicinity of Winfield.

George L. Abbott was married in the fall of 1867 to Mary C. Hubbard, a native of Massachusetts, who came west when a child of eleven years. They had eight children, five still living in 1901: Cora E., who married Scott Wolf (they moved to Oklahoma); Nellie, who married Henry Schmidt of Winfield; Dillie May, who married Charles Simms (they moved to the Cherokee strip); Mary; and George. Mrs. Abbott died in 1892.

Mr. Abbott formed a second union, wedding Mrs. S. H. Waymouth; they had a son, William Waymouth.

Politically, Mr. Abbott was a Republican; while living in Cook County, Illinois, he served as clerk of Jefferson Township, and six years as justice of the peace. He served on the school board of Walnut township for about ten years. He was a member of Siverd Post, No. 85, G. A. R. Mr. Abbott favored the Congregational Church while his wife was a member of the Baptist Church.

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[1870] PAGE 291.

G. W. ARNOLD, a well known farmer of Cowley County, Kansas, resided on the southeast quarter of section 28, Fairview Township. He was the son of G. G. and Rebecca (Weakly) Arnold.

G. G. Arnold, his father, was born in Maryland, where he lived for a number of years. He afterward moved to Fairfield County, Ohio, and remained there until 1843, when he moved to Shelby County, Illinois. There he engaged in farming until October 29, 1870, when he moved with the family to Walnut Township, Cowley County, Kansas. He bought 80 acres of land which he cultivated for several years, and then moved to Oklahoma. He died August 1898; his wife died February 1900. His union with Rebecca Weakly resulted in the birth of six children still living in 1901: Susan, who married Marshall Howard, of Wichita, Kansas; Maria, who married A. D. Pontius of Rich Hill, Missouri; Fred, a farmer, of Walnut Township; G. W., the subject of this sketch; Otho, a farmer living near Guthrie, Oklahoma; and Mary, who married N. E. Newell, of Wichita, Kansas.

G. W. Arnold obtained his education in the common schools of Illinois. He moved to Kansas with his parents in 1870 and remained home until December 20, 1876, when he took up his claim [southeast quarter of section 28], Fairview Township, Cowley County. After breaking 10 acres of ground, and digging a well, he built a house and several outbuildings. Each year he made improvements. He was successful in raising wheat, corn, oats, and also cattle and hogs.

In December 1876 Mr. Arnold married a Miss Zimmerman, who died in 1878. They had two sons: Frank, a resident of Blackwell, Oklahoma; and Walter.

Mr. Arnold then married March 1886 Capitolia Lynn, a native of Illinois, who became a Cowley County resident in 1885. They had two children: Beryl and Jessie.

Mr. Arnold served on the school board several terms; he was a Republican. He and his wife attended the Christian Church at Winfield. They belonged to the Fraternal Aid, of Winfield.

[NOTE: THERE WAS A PORTRAIT OF "MR. AND MRS. G. W. ARNOLD AND DAUGHTER BERYL."]

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[1870-1871] PAGE 94

ISAAC BEACH was one of Cowley County's pioneer settlers, having located on the northeast quarter of section 23, township 33, range 3 east, during the winter of 1870-1871. He was born in Ontario, Canada, February 8, 1822. His father was Abram Beach.

The Beach family in this country originated in three brothers, who came to America in 1640. Abram Beach, the father of our subject, was born in New Jersey, and died in Canada, where he had followed farming and blacksmithing. He married Annie Clothier, born in Vermont; her parents were of English descent, and came to this country with the Plymouth colony.

The first summer was a hard one, as well as a very busy one, for breaking the sod and planting sod-corn constituted by no means an easy task. In 1872 Mr. Beach set out numerous shade trees and 100 apple trees. His orchard by 1901 covered about seven acres. In 1880 the farm operation was turned over to Mr. Beach's son-in-law, John H. Berrie, who devoted his time to raising grain and livestock.

Mr. Beach married Amanda Shaver, whose parents were born in Canada. She died July 1880. In 1901 the following children were alive: Catherine (born September 1851); William I., who lived in section 24, Beaver Township; S. A., who married, and lived on the north half of Mr. Beach's preemption; and Lucy A., who married Mr. Nichols, and moved to Oklahoma.

Beach's son-in-law, John H. Berrie, came to Cowley County in 1878, and first lived in Liberty Township, where he improved a claim. Since 1880 he farmed the south 80 acres of Mr. Beach's preemption. He married Catherine Beach. Mr. Berrie was born May 15, 1852, in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, a son of George and Elizabeth (Hay) Berrie, both natives of Scotland. He had three sisters and a brother: Isabel, married to David Shafer, of Crawford County, Pennsylvania; Elizabeth, wife of W. P. Hart, of that county; Samuel J., who lived on the old homestead in Pennsylvania; and Jane, Mrs. Dr. Roberts. Mr. and Mrs. Berrie had five children: George I.; Lyman H.; Lizzie B.; Donald B.; and James H.

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[SPRING 1871] PAGE 401

BENJAMIN BENNETT, a successful farmer of Bolton Township, Cowley County, Kansas, located in the southwest quarter of section 12, township 35, range 4 east, where he lived since the spring of 1871.

Mr. Bennett was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1843. His parents were Eleven and Martha (Hughes) Bennett. His father, born in Pennsylvania, died when Benjamin was four years old. His mother, who was of Irish descent, died when he was seven years of age. He was one of two children, his sister, Fannie, being the wife of Joseph Stephenson, of Ohio.

Benjamin Bennett was thus thrown upon the world without parental care, at an early age, and, as he did not have a guardian, the property left him by his father and mother was eventually lost. His education advantages were limited, as there were only subscription schools, and he could not afford to attend them. He remained in Ohio until the spring of 1860, when, with a family named Harper, he located at Salina, Saline County, Kansas. In 1863 he went to Leavenworth County, Kansas, where he worked out at farming, making his home there until 1866. In 1864 he enlisted in Company B, 19th Reg., Kans. Vol. Cav., and was in Price's raid, serving also in Missouri one year. The officers under whom he served were Gen. Grant, of Leavenworth, Kansas; Maj. Smith, Capt. McCune, Lt. Hamby, and Sgt. Leehardt. Although eligible, he never became a member of the G. A. R.

He returned to Ohio in 1866, and married Margaret Pontius, who soon after-ward, died of quick consumption. He remained in Ohio for three years. He then returned to Leavenworth County, Kansas, in 1869. There he married Mary E. Hanson, a native of Indiana. She died July 8, 1896. Only one daughter, Mabel, survived.

In the spring of 1871 Mr. Bennett settled in Cowley County, Kansas, and took up his claim in Bolton Township. Mr. Bennett first built a log cabin, 12 by 14 feet, on the north side of the claim, in which he resided for several years, and then replaced it with a frame house, measuring 12 by 14 feet. This was later enlarged, and removed to the south side of the farm, where it was made into an L-shaped house, 16 by 32 feet. The dwelling was destroyed by a tornado June 19, 1891; other buildings, as well as trees, were badly damaged. Mr. Bennett then constructed a house, 30 by 32 feet, comfortable in size and conveniently arranged.

When he settled on his claim in 1871, Mr. Bennett brought with him a span of mules, and by changing work with his neighbors, got his prairie land broken and planted to grain. He later continued to raise grain, but leased a part of his farm. He had two acres of orchard producing apples, peaches, and all kinds of fruits. At first there was only a spring upon the property; later, there was a creek running from the southwest corner to the middle of the west side of the farm. There was some natural timber, consisting of box-elder, walnut, and pecan, in addition to which Mr. Bennett set out a grove of cottonwoods, from which he had enough lumber sawed to complete one building. He had five acres of jack oaks on the northeast corner.

Bennett's daughter, Mabel, born October 13, 1874, in Cowley County, entered the Arkansas City High School, but due to ill health did not graduate.

Mr. Bennett was a charter member of Bolton Grange and a Republican. He was road overseer for ten years. He was a member of the Christian church.

[PHOTO: MR. AND MRS. BENJAMIN BENNETT AND DAUGHTER MABEL.]

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[FEBRUARY 1871] PAGE 184

JOHN BOWER, farmer, His home was located on the northeast quarter of section 10, township 33, range 3 east. Mr. Bower was born in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, in 1846, a son of Isaac and Lydia (Wise) Bower. His grandparents all came from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.

John Bower's father, Isaac, was born in Union County, Pennsylvania, in 1812. He was a blacksmith by trade, which he followed during his younger days; in his declining years, he was engaged in farming. He died at the advanced age of eighty-three years. His wife was born in Union County, Pennsylvania, and was of German parentage; she outlived her husband by two years. Isaac Bower had seven children. All of them, except John, remained in Mercer County, Pennsylvania.

John Bower obtained good schooling and did not leave home until he attained his majority. He then went to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he attended a commercial college, and upon leaving it began teaching. Drifting west, he located in Allen County, Kansas, where he spent a year. In February 1871 he preempted a claim one mile west of the Baden Mills, in Winfield Township, now Vernon Township, which farm is now known as the Keyhole quarter, and is owned by the First National Bank of Winfield. After improving his farm and deeding his claim, John Bower went back to his home in Pennsylvania.

About the year 1872, he located in St. Clair County, Illinois, where he taught school five years; in 1877 he returned to Cowley County. He traded his first claim for the northeast quarter of section 10, in Beaver Township, which was preempted by Philo Kent, who had made numerous improvements upon it. Mr. Bennett practiced diversified farming and made more improvements on the farm. He had an orchard and timber lot of seven acres, and in the yard surrounding his house were many shade trees. He completed a modern home in 1898 that was a story and a half high; his substantial barn was erected by Mr. Kent. Partial to Poland-China hogs, Mr. Bower raised them in large numbers.

John Bower was married, in 1882, to Susan B. Hatcher, a native of Canada (daughter of Henry Hatcher, who located in Kansas about 1860). Mrs. Bower's parents were born in England. They had two children: Noble, who was attending school in 1901 at Winfield, and Ruth, who remained at home.

A Republican, John Bower at one time held the office of justice of the peace. He was a member of the Patrons of Husbandry.

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[SEPTEMBER 1870] PAGE 257

JOHN D. BOZWORTH resided for thirty years on the northeast quarter of section 31, in Ninnescah Township [1901].

Mr. Bozworth was born in Cortland County, New York, May 15, 1820. His parents were Benjamin and Electa (Clark) Bozworth.

Both of John's parents were natives of Cortland County, New York, and both were deceased; Benjamin died at the age of sixty years, having been engaged at farming and milling. They had three children: Ansel; John D.; and Clark, who was a farmer and miller, residing at Redhouse, New York.

John D. Bozworth attended school but three months, for when he was a small boy he was compelled to work hard. He lived with his parents until he became of age. He spent two years at Rushford, New York, engaged in farming; then he went to Orson for five years, working in a sawmill owned by his father. The mill burned down, and John commenced cutting out timber with which to build another. After six months of illness, he went to Farmersville, New York, where he worked at the cooper's trade, which he had previously learned. After spending two years there, he went to work in a steam sawmill located on the Allegheny River. He was there two years, when, in 1858, he moved west to Keokuk, Iowa.

On May 12, 1861, Mr. Bozworth enlisted in Company A, 2nd Reg., Ia. Vol. Inf., under Capt. Houston and Col. Curtis. He participated in the battles of Ft. Donelson, Shiloh, Pulaski, Chattanooga, and many others. In his first battle, he was hit in the right arm by grapeshot, but his heavy overcoat saved him from injury. He had many narrow escapes, and his clothing was grazed many times by bullets. He was honorably discharged June 27, 1864, and returned to Keokuk. There he followed coopering and farming until he departed for Cowley County, Kansas, which he reached September 1870 with about $15, which he had saved out of his earnings while at Keokuk.

Mr. Bozworth settled on the northeast quarter of section 31, and first built a house, 12 by 16 feet. The logs were obtained from the Arkansas River. He broke a few acres the first year, 18 of which he put into corn, which yielded an average of 40 bushels to the acre. He made numerous improvements through the years. His farm ranked as one of the best in the county.

In 1897 John D. Bozworth bought 80 acres in section 31, Ninnescah township, and devoted his attention to the raising of grain and livestock.

Mr. Bozworth married Phidelia Record, of New York State. She died in 1872, leaving two children, George and Lacy, both deceased by 1901. He then married Mrs. Sarah Row, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, who had several children by her marriage with Jonathan Row.

Mr. Bozworth was a Populist, belonged to the G. A. R. of Udall, and attended church at Oxford, Kansas. Mrs. Bozworth joined the church while in Iowa.

[PHOTO: MR. AND MRS. JOHN D. BOZWORTH.]

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[JANUARY 31, 1870] PAGE 186

S. E. BURGER, resident of Cowley County since 1870, has been closely identified with the early history and development of this section.

Mr. Burger was born in Southeast Missouri, December 2, 1843. He was the son of Jacob and Rebecca (Barnes) Burger. Jacob was a blacksmith by occupation, and became a sergeant in Company K, 32nd Reg., Iowa Vol. Inf.; and was appointed second lieutenant in the 63rd Reg., U. S. Colored Infantry. He received an honorable discharge as such at the conclusion of the Civil War. He spent his declining years among his children, and died in Kansas March 1896. He was, successfully, a Whig, Abolitionist, and Republican. Jacob Burger's wife was a daughter of George Barnes. She was born in Smith County, Tennessee. Her mother, a Robinson, of Scotch-Irish parentage, died October 26, 1895.

Jacob and Rebecca (Barnes) Burger had eight children: George, a blacksmith, of Billings, Oklahoma; Mary, who died in Iowa March 1866; S. E., Emeline (Burger) Coffelt, who resided in Fall Township, Sumner County, Kansas; John C., who resided at Lansing, Kansas; Louisa A., who lived with and kept house for her brother, S. E.; Josephus, who resided in section 11, Walnut Township; and Pearl (Burger) Evans, who resided near Hennessey, Oklahoma.

On the breaking out of the Civil War, Jacob Burger and family, excepting S. E., moved to Iowa, locating in Story County.

S. E. Burger enlisted in the 8th Reg., Mo. Vol. Cav., serving west of the Mississippi River, and was discharged August 19, 1865. He went to Iowa, remaining until 1869, when he moved to Kansas, spent one year in Emporia, raising one crop. He then went to Cowley County, arriving at Winfield January 26, 1870, and located upon the land on which he resided thereafter [southeast quarter of section 17, township 32 south, range 4 east] on January 31, 1870. The land at the time was not surveyed. He located his claim by settling east of the claim of Judge T. B. Ross and north of the land claimed by the widow Trusty. This land was surveyed January 31, 1871, during a blinding storm of sleet and snow. Mr. Coffelt, a brother-in-law, took the northeast quarter of section 17, but soon after abandoned the same. During his absence, William Mentch located upon a part of the land claimed, afterwards a part of section 16, and he had a contest before the Settlers' Protective Association, which decided in favor of Mr. Burger.

The lumber for Mr. Burger's first house was hauled from Augusta. The house, 10 by 12 feet, was built on a spot near the center of the farm, but later he moved it to the east side, where stood the substantial house erected in 1880. The last structure was a story and a half high, containing six rooms. The porch was floored with flag stones six feet square and seven inches thick. On the southwest corner of the quarter were found some native plum trees, probably the site of an old Indian camp. An Indian arrowhead of stone was plowed up and considered an interesting relic of the Indians who formerly roamed there. The plum trees bore large yellow plums of good quality, one of which Mr. Burger transplanted to his orchard. In the spring of 1871, he purchased 18 apple trees and 2 pear trees, for which he paid 50 cents and $1.25 respectively. The trees were then three years old, and five of them were still alive in 1901. He set out 10 acres in fruit, including a vineyard planted in 1882.

In the early 1880s he and his brother, Josephus, bought the quarter section in section 11, township 33 south, range 4 east, where the latter resided. Mr. Burger also owned 30 acres of Wheatland Addition to Winfield. He extensively engaged in wheat raising for many years, but later corn became the more staple product. He was also engaged in stock raising, favoring Poland-China hogs and Red Durham cattle.

His first official service was as clerk of the election at the first election held in the county at its organization. He was a justice of the peace; kept the county poor by contract for a period, serving four years as commissioner of the poor; and was United States census enumerator for Walnut Township in 1800.

Through Mr. Burger's influence and work in getting up a petition, the first bridge was built across Timber Creek near Island Park in 1874. It was a poor bridge at the best and was washed away, and its successor fell down. By this time Winfield had attained sufficient size to become a city of the second class, and was separated from the balance of Winfield Township, the remaining district then being called Walnut Township.

After the separation there accumulated in the county treasury $1,500 from a tax levy made prior to the separation. This money could not be used by anyone without an act of the legislature. Mr. Burger circulated a petition asking the legislature to appropriate the money for construction of another bridge and personally took the petition to Topeka. He succeeded in getting the money for the bridge, which was built at a cost of $1,800, the remaining $300 being raised in Walnut Township. The bridge was within the corporate limits of Winfield. Mr. Burger circulated a petition in 1901 to obtain free rural mail delivery past his house. In 1871 Mr. Burger procured from H. B. Wamsley, county superintendent of public instruction, an order organizing school district No. 37, known as Bethel district, a building being erected in 1872, for which $800 bonds were voted in the fall of 1871. He later transferred to district No. 127, Olive district, where his two sons were attending school in 1901.

Mr. S. E. Burger was united in marriage July 3, 1883, with Mrs. Sarah E. Litzler, nee Gottman, widow of John Litzler. She was born in Gibson County, Indiana, where her father resided for fifty years. She died January 8, 1888, leaving two sons, Jay P. and George W. Mr. Burger and his sister, Louisa A. Burger, attended the Christian church. His parents were Methodists.

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[1870] PAGE 264

JOHN T. CARTER, one of the pioneer settlers of Cowley County, resided in Vernon Township. When he located on his present tract, it was raw prairie, utterly lacking in improvements. He transformed the land into fertile and highly cultivated fields.

Mr. Carter was born September 25, 1851, in Clermont County, Ohio, near the village of Bethel. His father was Salathiel Carter; his grandfather was John T. Carter.

His grandfather, John T. Carter, was born in New Jersey September 30, 1787, and was married to Ann Ware, born in that state in 1793. They moved to Clermont County, Ohio, where they were pioneer settlers, and both resided in that community until the end of their lives. John T. Carter died in 1852. His children were John, Pinkham, Joseph W., Salathiel, Daniel, Mary, and Sarah A.

Mr. Carter's father, Salathiel, was born July 20, 1827, in Clermont County, Ohio. During his early life he learned the trade of a shoemaker, which he afterwards followed to a large extent, but farming occupied the greater part of his time during his latter years. He was joined in marriage with Caroline Empson, who was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1832, and they resided in Clermont County for many years. In 1852 they moved to Pike County, Illinois, and in 1855 moved to Mason County, Illinois, where Mr. Carter died in 1866. Mrs. Carter died in Winfield, Kansas, in 1884. Both favored the Methodist church, while in politics Mr. Carter was a Democrat. The following sons were the issue of their union: John T.; Joseph, who was born in 1853, and died in 1877; and Jeremiah, who was born in 1856, and died in 1864.

Mr. Carter married in 1875 Hattie Kimble, who died in 1889, leaving two children. C. Pearle Carter married Lee Marsh and moved to Oklahoma. They had two children: Viava and Hattie. The other Carter child was Berdelia.

Mr. Carter's second union was with Valanda Hawkins, the nuptials occurring in 1891.

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[1870] PAGE 309.

[Book featured Mrs. Elizabeth L. Clover, manager of the largest farms in county, widow of Benjamin H. Clover.] HER PHOTO WAS SHOWN IN BOOK.

MRS. ELIZABETH L. CLOVER, whose portrait is shown herewith, has been a resident of Cowley County, Kansas, since 1871, and is a capable business woman; since 1892 she has had the management of one of the largest farms in the county, being ably assisted by her children. She is the widow of Benjamin H. Clover, who served in Congress, representing the Third Congressional District of Kansas. He located in Kansas in 1870, and became one of the foremost men of the county.

BENJAMIN H. CLOVER was born in Franklin County, Ohio, December 20, 1837, and died December 30, 1899. He was a son of Henry Clover, who was born in Virginia, and followed the occupation of a farmer. Henry Clover died in Ohio in 1863, at the age of sixty-three years. He was one of the best men in Franklin County, strong religiously, and with great political influence. He married Mary McHenry, who was born in Highland County, Ohio, of English-German parents. They had three children: Rose (Johnson), who died in Doniphan County, Kansas, in 1881; Benjamin H., deceased; and J. M., who died in Morris County, Kansas.

Benjamin H. Clover attended the common schools in Ohio, and was a pupil in the academy at Jefferson, after which he taught school, remaining at home until he passed his twenty-first birthday. He was then married, and after a time moved to Illinois. There he stayed until 1870, when his wife and family returned to her old home, and he drove, with three of his teams, to Cowley County, Kansas, accompanied by a party of young men. He took with him the sum of $3,000. Provisions at that early day were exceedingly high, bacon being sold at 27 cents per pound, and potatoes at $2.50 per bushel. It was necessary to haul them from Fall River. Mr. Clover located a claim in section 26, township 31, range 7 east, in Grouse Valley, which was later declared school land and appraised at $3.00 per acre. He then took a claim in section 17, and later bought the rights of Messrs. Dudley, Lee, Martin, and Thornbrew, whose claims adjoined him. Mrs. Clover, with her six children, followed her husband to Cowley County, arriving March 20, 1871.

Their first house was a frame house, built with lumber hauled from Emporia, a distance of 100 miles; it possessed but two rooms for a long time, and was then enlarged.

Mr. Clover set about cultivating the land and was successful with his crops, especially in 1874, when his corn was fully matured before the advent of the grasshoppers, and he sold it at $2.00 per bushel.

Game was to be found in abundance. Mrs. Clover, having brought a side-saddle with her, rode frequently. The nearest railroad point, at first, was Chanute, and in 1880 the nearest was Independence. Mr. Clover was very active in securing bonds for the Southern Kansas Railway. At the old town of Lazette, he built a sawmill and grist mill, but this, like many other buildings there, was at a later period removed to Cambridge.

Benjamin H. Clover was the first justice of the peace in Windsor Township, and many trials and claim contests were held at his residence, which, for years, was the largest in the valley. In politics, he was a Populist. At a meeting held in his house, the name "People's Party," was suggested by Mrs. Clover. Mr. Clover had served as county commissioner in Illinois, and was a candidate for the state legislature in Kansas, declining to run for governor. He was elected to Congress, in 1892, from the third Congressional District, embracing the counties of Chautauqua, Elk, Montgomery, Howard, Cowley, Crawford, and Labette. He served with credit to himself and his constituency.

Mrs. Clover received a good academic education in Ohio, and lived at home until her marriage.

Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin H. Clover had seven children.

1. Julia Ella (Clover), who married her third cousin, and resided in Stillwater, Oklahoma, had three children: Irma, who taught school; Oliver Perry Clover, 20 years old and in college in 1901; and Nina, then five years old.

2. Thomas H. Clover, residing on a part of the home farm, married Martha Reed. They had four children: Thomas H., Jr.; Lilly A., Ella, and Bryan.

3. William T. S. Clover, 35 years old in 1901, lived with his mother.

4. John P. Clover married Maude Sifford, of Oklahoma, and had one son, Fred, born in 1899.

5. Charles Clover, who lived on the old home place in Grouse Valley. He married Mary Foust of Atlanta, Kansas. They had one daughter, Ruth.

6. Susie Clover (Dawsitt), who lived in Cambridge. She had one son, Frank Clover, age eight in 1901.

7. Frank L. Clover was married to Mary Dowson. They had three daughters: Lillian, Susie, and an infant.

In religious views the family were Methodists, excepting Mrs. Clover, who was of the Christian Science belief.

She was offered as much as $60 per acre for some of her land, but always refused to sell.

KAY: AFTER TYPING THIS UP, BECAME AWARE THAT DIFFERENT FAMILY MEMBERS WERE PLAYED UP IN HERITAGE...STILL! YOU MAY WANT TO USE THIS!

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[1869-1870] PAGE 265

J. R. COTTINGHAM, familiarly known as "Jack," was one of the pioneer settlers and representative farmers of Cowley County.

He came from Nicholas County, Kansas, where he was born in 1851, and was the son of Littleton and Elizabeth (Williams) Cottingham. Littleton Cottingham was born in Maryland, and his wife was born in Virginia. The former died in Kansas, in March 1879, and the latter, in Missouri, in 1861. They had four children: William, a farmer in Kentucky; Isaac, deceased; Bettie (Barnett), of Kentucky; and J. R.

In the spring of 1870 he broke some land, which he planted in corn and potatoes, and obtained a fine crop. He and his father "batched" for nine years.

Several years after his marriage. he built a frame house, which in 1891 consisted of seven rooms, the front part of the house having been completed in 1878. He had a fine orchard, including 100 bearing apple trees. For winter purposes he had Missouri Pippins and Winesaps; and for summer use, Early Harvest, Maiden Blush, and Rambo apples. He eventually owned 320 acres, 40 of which formed a part of his father's homestead. He carried on general farming success-fully and dealt extensively in livestock, favoring Poland-China hogs, Shorthorn cattle, and standard bred horses.

J. R. Cottingham was married in Cowley County to Mollie Hart, a daughter of Michael Hart, of Kentucky. She was born in Bath County, Kentucky, in 1854. She had a brother, who became a horse dealer at Cedar Vale, Cowley County.

Mr. Cottingham was a staunch Republican and served as township treasurer many years, and was for eleven years a member of the school board of district No. 19, which was organized in 1873. He was a member of the Christian church.

NOTICE, KAY, NO MENTION OF CHILDREN!

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[1869] PAGE 216

HON. J. W. COTTINGHAM, who in 1901 was serving his second term in the office of probate judge of Cowley County, Kansas, was a gentleman of considerable prominence in the county, where he resided since 1869.

Judge J. W. Cottingham was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, in 1842, and was a son of James and Nancy (Frakes) Cottingham, and grandson of William Cottingham. William Cottingham was born in Maryland, and was an early settler of Nicholas County, Kentucky, where he lived the remainder of his life.

James Cottingham, father of J. W., was born in Nicholas County, Kentucky, where he was reared and attended the public schools. He spent most of his active career as a miller and farmer in Bourbon County, Kentucky, but lived in Woodford County during the latter days of his life. He died at the age of fifty years. His union with Nancy Frakes Cottingham (78 years old in 1901 and residing in Winfield, Kansas) resulted in the following offspring: J. W.; Thomas W.; Sarah E. (Hernden), deceased; James I.; and Lulu (Dennis), deceased. Mr. Cottingham was an Old Line Whig, and afterward, a Republican.

J. W. Cottingham was fifteen years of age when he moved to Woodford County, Kentucky, where he resided until 1869. In that year he journeyed west to Cowley County, Kansas, and located on a farm which formed part of the Osage Trust land. Upon the organization of the county in 1871, that section in which he was located became known as Richland Township. A portion of it became a part of Fairview Township, where he still owned his old home. He secured a deed to the property in 1872. He was always active in county politics, and became a staunch Populist.

He served on the school board of his township almost all the time since its organization. He was elected judge of the probate court of Cowley County in the fall of 1896, and in the spring of 1897 became a resident of Winfield. He was reelected in the fall of 1898, and was serving his second term in 1901.

Judge Cottingham married Elizabeth Hanna. They had three children: James R., member of the firm of Asp & Cottingham, of Guthrie, Oklahoma; Icy (Shaver), of Newkirk, Oklahoma; and Frank, a high school student in 1901.

Judge Cottingham was a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and of the Improved Order of Red Men. He and Mrs. Cottingham belonged to the Christian Church of Winfield.

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[1870] PAGE 105.

JESSE CRAVENS, farmer, located in the fall of 1870. He was born in Wayne County, Ohio, January 31, 1846. His father was William Cravens, also born in Ohio.

Jesse Cravens enlisted February 27, 1864, in Company M, 9th Reg., Ohio Vol. Cav., under Capt. Henry V. Epley. He took part in all the engagements and marches of that regiment, including Sherman's march from Atlanta to the Sea. He received his discharge at Lexington, North Carolina, July 20, 1865.

Jesse Cravens was married at Osborn, De Kalb County, Missouri, to Laura Bowers of that county, a daughter of William Bowers.

Mr. and Mrs. Jesse Cravens had seven children: Sarah Jane, wife of William Jones, an engineer residing at San Francisco, California; Mary Ellen, who lived at San Francisco, California; William Emery; Hila, who married Frank Chenoworth of Sumner County, Kansas; Lewis; Everett; and Harry.

Jesse Cravens was raised a Democrat, but of late years worked with the Populist party; he served as township trustee and as school director. He belonged to the A. O. U. W., Lodge No. 144, of Udall, and Udall Lodge, No. 508, I. O. O. F.

Mr. Cravens was a self-made man. When he located in Cowley County, he had only a horse and $3 in money. His success in life was largely due to his good management in farming, and to his industry.

[HAD PHOTO: JESSE CRAVENS.]

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[1871...???] PAGE 141.

J. W. CURFMAN, farmer, resided in Fairview Township, Cowley County, Kansas, a self-made man, having supported himself since early manhood. He had a farm of 160 acres, consisting of the southwest quarter of section 26, in Fairview Town-ship, where he lived the rest of his life after his arrival in 1871.

Mr. Curfman was born December 13, 1838, in Bedford County, Pennsylvania. His parents were Isaac and Mary (Horton) Curfman.

Isaac Curfman was born in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, where he lived for several years, and whence he moved to Bedford County. His wife was also a native of Huntingdon County. She bore him children, namely: McKendry, who died at the age of two years; Josiah H.; J. W.; Oliver, a miner in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania; Catherine; Margaret; Mahala, deceased; Susie; and Clarissa, the wife of Samuel David, a farmer living in Rock Township, Cowley County.

J. W. Curfman lived at home until 1870, when, in company with his brother, Josiah H. Curfman, he located in Chase County, Kansas. They had raised but one crop when they decided to settle in Cowley County, which they did one year later. J. W. Curfman located on his present farm, where he raised mostly wheat, corn, and oats. His brother bought 160 acres of land, the northeast quarter of section 34, in Fairview Township.

J. W. Curfman's first dwelling on his farm was one built by him. It was a house, 12 by 16 feet in size, and into it he moved his family and began his farming in the West. He made many improvements on the farm.

J. W. Curfman was united in marriage with Elizabeth Park January 20, 1862. She was born in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania. Her father, Joseph Park, was a farmer.

Mr. and Mrs. Curfman had the following children.

1. M. E. Curfman, a farmer and stock raiser, Day County, Oklahoma.

2. Mary Bell, deceased, who was the wife of Michael Mitchell.

3. Joseph Oscar Curfman, who married Stella Knox, and in 1901 assisted his father in the management of the homestead.

4. Myrtle Curfman, who married William H. White, a farmer of Fairview Township.

5. Lulu Curfman,, residing at home.

Mr. Curfman was a member of the school board for several years. He and his wife attended the Methodist church.

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[MARCH 1871] PAGE 155.

JOSIAH H. CURFMAN (BROTHER OF J. W. CURFMAN)...

THERE WAS A PHOTO: MR. AND MRS. JOSIAH H. CURFMAN.

JOSIAH H. CURFMAN, a highly respected and well known farmer of Fairview Town-ship, Cowley County, Kansas, and a man of splendid business ability, high principle, and strict integrity, is one of the most progressive citizens of the county. He resided on 160 acres of land, consisting of the northeast quarter of section 34. At one time he also owned 160 acres in section 35. He was born February 11, 1837, near Cassville, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, a son of Isaac and Mary (Horton) Curfman.

His great-grandfather was born in Germany, and came to this country prior to the Revolutionary War, settling in the eastern part of Pennsylvania. There John Curfman, his grandfather, was born. He moved to Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, when that county was first being settled and located on a tract of wild land which was converted into fertile farming fields. He was a very prosperous man, and accumulated considerable property. He married a Miss Bornet, by whom he had two children, Isaac and Christian. After the death of his first wife, he was married to Elizabeth Taylor, by whom he had two children, Adam and Susan. He was a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Isaac Curfman, father of Josiah and J. W. Curfman, was a native of Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, and a farmer by occupation. He married Mary Horton, whose parents were natives of Wales. When they came to this country, they first landed in New York City. They later moved to Virginia, and, still later, to Pennsylvania, where they became permanent residents. Mr. and Mrs. Curfman were the parents of the following children: Josiah H.; J. W.; Catherine, the wife of E. H. Heeter, living in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania; Margaret, wife of Miles Queery, a farmer of the same county; Clarissa, who married Samuel David, a farmer of Rock Township, Cowley County, Kansas; Oliver, of Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania; Susie (Pheasant), of the same county; and Mahala, deceased.

Mr. Curfman was united in marriage October 7, 1859, to Elizabeth Taylor, of Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, a daughter of Abraham and Hannah Taylor. They had the following living children in 1901.

1. H. U. Curfman, who married Alberta White, and was a miller in the Baden Mills at Winfield, Kansas.

2. Mary Curfman, wife of J. A. Savage, a farmer and stock raiser, of Blackwell, Oklahoma.

3. Isaac Curfman, a farmer, Blackwell, Oklahoma, who married Luelta Ridgeway.

4. Albert T. Curfman, who married Lucy Stevenson, and managed his father's farm in 1901.

5. Frank Curfman, a farmer of Woodward County, Oklahoma, who married Ada Watson.

KAY...WHAT A DIFFERENCE IN STORIES BY THE TWO BROTHERS...NO. 2 SEEMED TO KNOW MORE ABOUT BACKGROUND!

[FOUND ALL THIS A WEE BIT CONFUSING! COULD BE I AM DEAD WRONG AS TO WHAT YEAR DALE TOOK UP OCCUPANCY IN COWLEY COUNTY.

YOU MAY WANT TO SKIP THIS ONE.]

[1870] [PAGE 415]

MARTIN DALE, a prosperous and progressive farmer of Cedar Township, Cowley County, Kansas, a resident of the state since 1858, experienced all the hardships of early pioneer life. Mr. Dale was born in Fayette County, Indiana, in 1842, a son of G. W. and Martha W. (Ginn) Dale.

His father, G. W. Dale, was born in Franklin County, Indiana, in 1819, and died at Cedar Vale, Chautauqua County, Kansas, in 1891. He was a strong Democrat. He served one term as probate judge and one term as postmaster at Cedar Vale, Kansas. He was county commissioner of Miami County one term, under the territorial government. His wife was born in Fayette County, Indiana, February 4, 1824, and was still living in Cedar Vale in 1901.

Two of G. W. Dale's great-grandfathers, one on each side of the house, served in the Revolutionary War, one being a colonel of Maryland troops, and the other serving with the Virginia forces.

G. W. Dale and his wife were parents of eight children, one of whom died. Those living in 1901:

1. Martin Dale, subject of biography.

2. J. G. Dale, a farmer near Cedar Vale.

3. C. A. Dale, a farmer in Rock Creek Township, Chautauqua County.

4. G. R. Dale, president of the Cedar Vale Mercantile Co.

5. India Dale, who married George Webb, of Cowley Co.

6. Josie Dale, who married ______ Lemert, who lived on a farm in Chautauqua County.

7. W. W. Dale, who was postmaster during the last term of President Cleveland, and died November 13, 1896.

8. Mrs. H. M. Donaldson, assistant cashier of the Cedar Vale National Bank. [First name not given of this daughter.]

In 1869 Martin Dale moved to Neosho County, Kansas, and two years later to Chautauqua County. His father and two of his brothers preceded him a short time, and took up claims east of Cedar Vale, Mr. Dale taking one adjoining the town. His father, with others, located the town site. Frederick Kantz was president of the town company, which was organized in 1870. From 1871 to 1880 Mr. Dale lived at Cedar Vale, and from 1881 to 1883 at Grenola, where he was associated with Hewins and Titus, then the cattle kings of the section. In 1882 he bought in Cedar Township of H. C. Fisher, who held a deed of the land, the southeast quarter of section 32, township 34, range 8 east, which became his home farm in 1883. In addition to the excellent orchard he set out, and other substantial improvements, he erected in 1888 a two-story house of seven rooms, 24 by 26 feet. He settled upon this section a poor man, but incessant industry brought success, both in stock raising and farming. He owned 560 acres of land, and cultivated about 200 acres of it. He raised stock extensively, and preferred Shorthorn cattle. He had an excellent water supply from two springs, a creek and a well.

Mr. Dale married in Miami County, Kansas, Flora Wise, who was born in Vermillion County, Indiana, December 7, 1844, a daughter of George W. and Mary A. (Dowdell) Wise. Her father moved to Miami County in the fall of 1859, and died February 2, 1901, aged 78. Her mother died February 23, 1899, aged 73.

Mrs. Dale was one of 13 children born to Mr. and Mrs. George W. Wise: Flora; William H., who resided near Paola, Kansas; Franklin, who lived in Kansas; Ellen (Sheridan) of Paola, Kansas; Josephine (Russell) who died in January, 1901; Isaac, of Miami County, Kansas; Rosella, deceased; Lilla (June), who lived near Louisburg, Kansas; Minnie, who died at age 16; Mary E. (Wilson), who lived near Louisburg, Kansas; and Lulu, who was single, living in Miami County, Kansas, in 1901.

Mr. and Mrs. Martin Dale had five children.

1. George W. Dale, who married Bertha Oliver; he resided in Cedar Vale.

2. Montrose Dale, unmarried, in the harness business in Cedar Vale.

3. Albert Dale, who was living at home in 1901.

4. Luther Dale, living in the Indian Territory for one year.

5. Arthur Dale, a twin of Luther, who was living at home.

Martin Dale was a Democrat. He was township treasurer and also served as clerk of the school district for many years. Mr. Dale well recalled the time when, in 1866, he saw grasshoppers piled upon the ground a foot deep. [1866...???] Fraternally, he was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows since 1866, having joined at Paola, and belonged to the Cedar Vale lodge. Both he and his wife were members of the Church of Christ, and attended worship at Cedar Vale.

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[1870] PAGE 121

JAMES T. DALE, of the firm of Dale & Beebe (proprietors of the Udall Mills & Elevator), was a young man in moderate circumstances, when he located in Cowley County on October 17, 1870, and became one of the most prominent and influential businessmen within its limits, having laid a good foundation for a fortune.

James T. Dale was born April 25, 1849, in McDonough County, Illinois, a son of John H. Dale.

His father, John H. Dale, was born in England, and during his early manhood learned the trade of a blacksmith, which he continued to follow after coming to this country. He married Emma Payne, of Indiana, who died in Cowley County in 1884. He went to California in 1853, and died there in 1899. They were parents of the following living children: Esther A., Adeline, William, Francis B., and James T.

James T. Dale remained under the parental roof until after he attained his majority; he then located in Cowley County, Kansas. He took up the northwest quarter of section 7, township 31, range 3 east, Ninnescah Township, upon which he made extensive improvements. During the winter of 1870 and 1871 he underwent many hardships. Just before Christmas, he started out along the river bottom, with an old shotgun, to procure meat for a Christmas dinner. He fired at and wounded a deer which jumped out, and after several attempts succeeded in getting the game, but not until the buck attempted to drive him back. It is safe to say that the desired dinner was obtained, and after a royal feast, the remainder of the venison was divided among his neighbors. During the winter of 1871, he went on a buffalo hunt, with the Osage Indians, along the Chikaskia River. During the trip the party encountered a severe blizzard in which they nearly perished, and for eight days they lived on nothing but buffalo meat, without a particle of salt. Mr. Dale endured many privations in those primitive days, and later said he was amply rewarded. He located in Cowley County with his brother-in-law, Geo. M. Pittman, and built on his claim a cabin out of logs obtained from the Arkansas River. At this time the county had not been surveyed. The cabin was 12 by 14 feet in size, and after its completion, Mr. Dale went with his brother-in-law, Geo. M. Pittman, to Burlington, Kansas, 110 miles distant, to get his family and needed provisions. They lived mostly on buffalo, deer, and bacon. During the winter following and early the next spring, a second trip to Burlington was made. While there Mr. Dale bought a yoke of oxen, for $160, which were driven back, with the horses as a lead team. On returning, he proceeded to break 40 acres, of which he put 25 acres into corn, which yielded him 400 bushels per acre.

He then rented the farm until 1875, and engaged as a salesman with P. G. Halburg, of Emporia, Kansas, in the nursery business. He lived upon his farm about fifteen years, after which he bought the southwest quarter of section 4, Ninnescah township. In the spring of 1898, he sold his old farm to William Atkins.

Locating in Udall, in 1891, he occupied the fine new residence which he had just completed. His first experience in the general merchandise business was with Mr. Napier, in 1883, the firm name being Napier & Dale. He then sold his interest, returned to farming, and also began to speculate in grain. For the next two years he was a member of the firm of Dale & Werden, and during that time built half of his store, and embarked in the hardware and implement business. The same year in which the store was erected, the firm had 43,000 bushels of corn in its cribs, purchased for an Iowa firm. Mr. Dale then disposed of his share in the store to Mr. Werden, and carried on the grain business alone. During this time he made good improvements in Udall, where he lived for four years; he then moved back to the farm. He was one of the organizers of the town company, of which he became president. Buying 40 acres, the company platted the town of Udall. There was a railroad running through the townsite, without a depot or stockyards, and the railroad company was given the right-of-way for a siding and the grading of its tracks, which cost $1,400. Mr. Dale then organized the Udall Milling Company, of which he became president, with P. W. Smith as secretary and treasurer. The mill was built in 1885, and had a daily capacity of 75 barrels. This company existed two years, when Dale, Williams, and Nessly became proprietors. One year later, Mr. Williams sold his interest to J. W. Beebe. Mr. Beebe continued in the firm for two years, when he sold out to Gray Brothers, and the new firm lasted three years. Gray Brothers having disposed of their interests, the mill was operated by Dale & Nessly as proprietors. From 1891 to 1897 Mr. Dale was president of the Dale & Nessly Milling Company, which was incor-porated, and operated a store and mill at Udall, and the mill and elevator at Mulvane. In 1898 Mr. Dale and Mr. Beebe bought the Udall Mills and store, and the mill was operated under the firm name of Dale & Beebe. The store was formerly operated under the name of J. W. Beebe & Company, but the store interests were divided and the concern operated separately under the names of J. T. Dale and J. W. Beebe. The mill was rebuilt in 1899, and enlarged to a capacity of 125 barrels per day. Mr. Dale also dealt extensively in cattle and hogs.

James T. Dale was married at Auburn, Kansas, December 31, 1874, to Allie K. Spangler, a native of Indiana, who accompanied her parents to Kansas in 1856. Their children were as follows.

1. Lillie E., wife of O. J. Mark, a merchant of Belle Plaine, Kansas.

2. George W. Dale, manager of his father's store.

3. Glenn Eugene Dale.

4. James Earl Dale.

5. Pearl E. Dale.

6. Frank L. Dale.

7. Neil Edwin Dale.

Mr. Dale was a prominent member of Lodge No. 58, A. F. & A. M., of Win-field, Kansas; and charter member and past master of Lodge No. 144, A. O. U. W., of Udall. He was a deacon and Sunday school superintendent of the Congregational Church at Udall. He was active in town affairs, serving as mayor several times, and also as police judge and justice of the peace. He served on the school board for many years.

Mr. Dale traveled quite extensively, and visited most of the large cities in the United States, from California to New York, and from the gulf to the Great Lakes. He also viewed the green hills of the Emerald Isle and the scenery of France and England. His voyage across the Atlantic was made in 1899. He was a Republican, having always voted that ticket, and was in favor of Prohibition to the fullest extent.

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[1871] PAGE 331.

STARTS WITH PICTURE OF "MR. AND MRS.. THOMAS C. DANIELS"...AND I MUST SAY, I LIKE THIS PICTURE. NICE LOOKING COUPLE.

THOMAS C. DANIELS, one of the most extensive and prosperous farmers of Cowley County, Kansas, resided on section 2, Maple Township.

Nathan Daniels, his grandfather, accompanied him to Cowley County in 1871 together with J. C. Daniels, his father, and they engaged in farming in Maple Township.

Nathan Daniels was married to Nancy Daugherty, who died at Lima, Ohio, in 1860, her husband surviving her until 1878, when he died on his farm in Maple Township.

J. C. Daniels was born and reared in Allen County, Ohio. He was a farmer and stock raiser throughout the greater part of his life, and died in Kansas January 1872. The wife of J. C. Daniels was Harriet Morse, a native of New York State, who in 1901, aged 72, was living on their homestead in Maple Township. She was a daughter of Isaac Morse, also a native of New York, who located in Missouri in 1869 and lived there until about 1875. His wife was Lois Smedley, who died in Maple Township, Cowley County.

J. C. and Harriet Morse Daniels had nine children.

1. Irene, wife of Henry Smith, who resided on the old homestead.

2. Thomas C. Daniels, subject of bio.

3. Leone, who died at the age of four years.

4. Jessie, who lived in Henry County, Missouri, and was the wife of James Walker, of Oklahoma.

5. Clara, who lived in Colorado, and was the wife of Hugo Schubert.

6. Ernest, a resident of St. Louis, Missouri.

7. Hattie, who taught school at Winfield.

8. Frances, who married Frank Dougherty, lived in Los Angeles, California.

9. James McPherson, who became a druggist, and lived in Kansas City.

Thomas C. Daniels received a common school education, as did his brothers and sisters, and lived at home until November 8, 1878. He accompanied his parents to Cowley County in August 1871. Thomas C. Daniels remained with his mother until near the close of 1878, when he located on the southeast quarter of section 3, Maple Township, a tract which had been owned by his grandfather, of whom he first purchased 80 acres, and later on bought the remaining 80 acres. He cultivated this place until 1891, when he moved to the northwest quarter of section 2, Maple Township. His farm home was erected in 1899 at a cost of $1,600. The entire farm had many fine improvements, especially in the line of buildings. He also owned the south half of section 2; 80 acres in section 11; the east half of the northeast quarter of section 11, known as the Athey place; and 95 acres in the northwest quarter of section 3, known as the Adams place; all of which were in Maple Township. He owned 80 acres in Butler County, comprising the north half of the southeast quarter of section 34, Richland Township. In addition to the property above described, Mr. Daniels purchased in 1901, in Rock and Richland Townships, Cowley County, the following described property, consisting of about 720 acres: lots 1 and 2 and the east half of the northwest quarter of section 7, township 30, range 5 east, containing 156.01 acres; the southeast quarter, and lots 8 and 9 and the east half of the southwest quarter of section 6, township 30, range 5 east; and all of the southeast quarter and the north half of the northeast quarter of section 12, township 30, range 4 east, of the 6th Principal Meridian. He not only raised a large amount of small grain, but dealt extensively in livestock, preferring Hereford cattle and Poland-China hogs. He always kept about 50 horses, 190 head of cattle, and 200 hogs, and was a large shipper.

Mr. Daniels married in 1878 Sarah E. Atkinson, a daughter of William and Mary (Woods) Atkinson, natives of England. Her father located in Cowley County, Kansas, and took up a claim in Maple Township in 1872. In 1901 he was following his trade as a tailor, and resided in Winfield. Her mother died in March 1899.

Thomas C. and Sarah E. Atkinson Daniels had the following children.

1. Ida, who died April 14, 1890, aged ten years and four months.

2. Jessie, born in February 1881.

3 and 4. Thomas and Maggie, twins, born April 14, 1883.

5. Forrest, born May 16, 1888.

6. Dovie, who was born November 6, 1892, and died January 9, 1898.

7. Hazel, born April 11, 1895.

Mr. Daniels was a Republican, and held nearly all the offices of Maple Township. He belonged to the lodge of the Modern Woodmen of America, at Douglas, Kansas, and to the lodge of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, at Udall, Kansas. He favored the Methodist church.

[MARCH 1871] PAGE 83.

[PICTURE OF "MR. AND MRS.. A. P. DOUTHITT AND SON" WAS IN BOOK.]

James Douthitt, father of A. P., was a first-class mechanic, and throughout the greater part of his active years worked in sawmills, as head sawyer.

During the Civil War he and his son, A. P., enlisted in Company F, 92nd Reg., Ohio Vol. Inf., and Mr. Douthitt served as orderly sergeant until the close of the war. Both were with Gen. Sherman in the Atlanta campaign.

[SOME CONFUSION HERE...READ ON]

THIS PORTION COULD BE LEFT OUT:

James Douthitt's second wife was Mrs. Julia Snodgrass, a widow, and they reared two children, John W. and Joseph A. John W. accompanied A. P. Douthitt to Kansas, and carried the mail from Garnett to Burlington under a contract held by a Mr. Stevens. He afterward went to Harrisburg, Illinois, where he was married. In 1898 he purchased a gristmill at Hutchinson, Kansas, which he operated for six months. In 1901 he was living in Afton, in the Cherokee strip, where he was a partner in a general merchandise store. One of his brothers-in-law, Mr. Beck, was a banker at Vinita, and another was principal of the Vinita high school. Joseph A. was a farmer near Harrisburg, Illinois.

AS YOU CAN SEE, ABOVE PERTAINS TO CHILDREN OF SECOND WIFE.

A. P. Douthitt remained in Tennessee until 1869, when he went to Metropolis, Illinois. He lived there until his removal to Kansas. A. P. took up a claim near the mouth of Slate Creek. This claim was jumped, one night, and he lost it. He then bought of Orval McKee, through his brother, Polk McKee, who later became a physician of Caldwell, Ohio, the northwest quarter of section 17, Beaver Township. This was a fractional quarter, the deed conveying but 130 acres. When Mr. Douthitt became its possessor, but four acres had been broken. He then had only a cow and a mule team, but with a determined spirit he set about improving his place. He first lived in a small box house 10 by 12 feet in size. This was afterward replaced by one measuring 14 by 16 feet. In 1890 he built a fine eight-room house, 22 by 16 feet, with an addition measuring 14 by 16 feet. He also built a good barn, granary, and cowsheds. He had three pumps and a windmill, which was put up in 1892, and he was able to obtain plenty of water at a depth of 10 feet. The second year he was on the place, he set out 20 apple trees, and an orchard covering nearly eight acres. He owned the first cider-mill in the locality, which he bought of S. H. Myton, and it was used by his neighbors. The farm was devoted to raising grain and livestock, and Mr. Douthitt was quite partial to Poland-China hogs and Hereford cattle, although he formerly raised Holstein cattle.

Mr. Douthitt married Hattie Crabtree, a daughter of Shepard Crabtree, an early settler of Cowley County, who moved to Wilber, Oklahoma. Two children were born: Royal H., 19 years old in 1901; and Mary Reba, 12 years old, and attending school.

Mr. A. P. Douthitt was a Republican, and served as constable and township trustee. He belonged to the I. O. O. F., which he joined at Metropolis, Illinois, and to Siverd Post No. 85, G. A. R., of Winfield.

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[FALL 1870] PAGE 342.

J. A. ELLIOTT, familiarly known as "Al" Elliott, was a well-known farmer of Dexter Township, arriving in Cowley County, Kansas, in the fall of 1870. He spent some time in hunting buffaloes in Sumner County, the hunt extending some 50 or 100 miles to the southwest. There were 24 men in the hunting party, among them Joe Pratt, Joe Pritchard from Fredonia, and Levi Bullington, William Clay, and William Weaver, from Grouse Creek. In a hunt of three weeks, they secured over 100 fine buffaloes, and vast quantities of other game. After the hunting expedition, Mr. Elliott effected a location on his Cowley County property: the southeast quarter of section 26, township 33, range 6 east.

Mr. Elliott came originally from Indiana, and spent several years at Mount Pleasant, Kansas, with a freight wagon, having all his earthly property packed in a small valise. He entered the state as a poor young man, with a stout heart and sturdy physique as his only treasure. After settling in Cowley County, Mr. Elliott saw very few Indians. He put up a claim shanty in the center of his farm. This was of native timber, which was sawed at Fin Graham's sawmill, then located near Dexter. Mr. Graham's shanty was the hotel of the county at that time. It had two rooms, accommodating 30 boarders, and did a rushing business.

A single incident of his early career in Cowley County shows the stuff of which these settlers were made. Mr. Elliott saw a number of men passing in wagons and on horses, and in conversation found they were going to move a "claim-jumper's" shanty from Mr. Haskett's claim. Mr. Elliott promptly expressed his desire to join them, as all settlers stood by each other in those times. He was selected to get up on the shanty, and roll the logs down, while the others loaded them. Mr. Jenkins, the "claim-jumper," appeared with a Henry rifle, and in response to his threats, Mr. Elliott said to his companions: "Keep your eyes on that man with the gun, while I roll down the logs." They hauled the logs off, and Mr. Jenkins afterward secured another claim, quite as good, which he still owned in 1901, although living in Wyoming.

A Mr. Million, who arrived in Cowley County with Mr. Elliott, assisted him in building his house, after the summer's work was ended, and subsequently took up the land owned as a farm by Mr. Goodnight, about three miles southwest of Dexter. While they were working on the house, they saw a Mr. Robinson coming, who disputed Mr. Elliott's claim, and ordered him to cease work. Mr. Elliott, who was a large man of imposing appearance, told Mr. Million to continue work, and he would attend to Mr. Robinson. That gentleman, deeming discretion the better part of valor, promptly withdrew, and Mr. Elliott had no more troubles.

Mr. Elliott lived in this claim house several years, and it later formed the frame of the dining room of his comfortable farm home.

Mr. Elliott took the first juryman to Winfield, making his own road across the country. On his return he met James McDermott, who was then keeping a store on Plum Creek, and in the course of their conversation predicted that the country between Dexter and Winfield would soon be settled, in which prophecy Mr. McDermott did not concur.

Mr. Elliott broke five yoke of wild oxen and did a large amount of ground breaking for the early settlers; for a time he worked in partnership with Adam Glass. In 1873 he moved his claim house to a site on a hill overlooking his rich valley farm, and later exchanged a strip on the east side of his farm for 45 acres in section 35, just south of his claim. He also bought a quarter section of pasture land on the north. This gave him 305 acres on his farm. Sod corn was his first crop, and it was quite satisfactory. In 1874, the grasshopper year, he had 750 bushels of wheat, and moved his parents from Osage County, Kansas, to his farm, while he took the position of "head farmer" at the Kaw Indian Agency. This he held a year or more, Mahlon Stubbs, the agent, being a close friend and a distant relative.

In 1875 Mr. Elliott returned to his Cowley County claim, and for the next ten years his parents continued to make their home with him. In 1875 he made his house 24 feet square, and used it, with those dimensions, for ten years.

Mr. Elliott raised wheat, corn, alfalfa, cane, and other staples, holding to a rotation of crops, and gave much attention to modern and progressive agriculture.

In 1898 he completed his last handsome and commodious residence, the new part being two stories high. The dining room, measuring 11 by 14 feet, was the old claim house fitted over. The old hay shed was replaced, in 1898, by a frame barn, 28 by 38 feet in size, and was 12 feet square. Mr. Elliott at that time had about 75 head of Shorthorn cattle, and about 30 head of Poland-China hogs.

Crab Creek, which starts in the Flint Hills, ran through Mr. Elliott's farm, furnishing an abundant supply of pure water. It also afforded fine fishing. There were several ponds on the farm, and a well about 40 feet deep. Natural timber was plentiful, and Mr. Elliott had a six-acre orchard, in fine condition. The farm was fenced, and cross-fenced, and about 140 acres were in cultivation. The rest was pasture and meadow.

Mr. Elliott was born in Grant County, Indiana, September 19, 1851, and was a son of Willis and Rhoda (Brown) Elliott. His father had settled on the Indian Reserve in that state, and later laid out the site of the town of Xenia, now known as Converse. He was born in North Carolina, and was of Irish ancestry. Willis' brother, Judge Elliott, who died in 1898, had served twenty-four years on the bench. Willis Elliott helped to run the underground railroad in the days before the Civil War, and took an important part in the building of the railroad from Indianapolis to Logansport. He was a butcher by trade, had a market at Marion, Indiana, and was a justice of the peace for many years. In 1868 he moved his family into Osage County, Kansas, while he worked at Topeka for Robert Pugh until 1874. Mrs. Willis Elliott was born in Preble County, Ohio, in March 1828, and in 1901 was making her home with Mr. Wells, a merchant of Dexter. Mr. and Mrs. Elliott were married in Ohio, but soon moved upon the Indian Reserve in Indiana, into which region a brother of Mr. Elliott had walked 100 miles, with his wife, to find a home in which they might begin life with some hope of success.

To Mr. and Mrs. Willis Elliott were born four girls and three boys: Willie, who died young; A. O., who lived near New Salem, Cowley County; J. A.; Ret, the wife of Mr. Wells, a grocer, of Dexter; Emma (Fay), living near Otto, Cowley County; and Maggie, who died in Kansas at the age of 18. Willis Elliott died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Stephens. [Not made clear who Mrs. Stephens was...????]

J. A. Elliott attended the public schools in Indiana, and learned the tanner's trade, making his home with his parents until he was about thirty years of age. It was not until he had located in Cowley County that he met his matrimonial fate in the person of Lucy Nicholson, a daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Barry) Nicholson. Mrs. Elliott was born in Indiana in July 1853, and shared the migrations of her people into Illinois, where she had her mental training in the public schools. Her brother, Samuel Nicholson, was postmaster at Dexter.

To Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Elliott were born three children: Frances R., Robbie M., and Gladys Rhoda. Frances R. was a young lady of much more than usual gifts, and in 1901, at the age of twenty years, attended Southwest Kansas College at Winfield. Robbie N., aged thirteen years, was attending school near home, as was her sister, Gladys Rhoda, then nine years old. The home school was located in district No. 54, which Mr. Elliott was instrumental in organizing in 1873, when the first schoolhouse was built, and a Mr. Ketcham was employed as teacher. William Culp had charge of the school in 1901.

Mr. Elliott was a Republican, and served many years on the school board and as a trustee of the township of Dexter. Both Mr. and Mrs. Elliott were members of the Presbyterian church.

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[1870] PAGE 365.

JAMES FAIR was a self-made man and a practical farmer residing in Bolton Township, in the southwest quarter of section 8, township 34, range 3 east. He was born in Huntington County, Indiana, and was a son of Alexander M. and Elizabeth (Black) Fair.

Alexander M. Fair, his father, was born near Baltimore, Maryland, and was of English descent. During his early life he moved to Huntington County, Indiana, and when James was a babe of several months, transferred his residence to Dayton, Ohio. While he was living there, the Civil War broke out and he enlisted in an Ohio regiment, in which he served three months. He then reenlisted and served throughout the war. He received many wounds, particularly at the battle of Gettysburg, and two weeks after returning home, died from his injuries. His wife, who was of Scotch-Irish descent, died before the Civil War, when James was a mere boy. Five children were in the Fair family: George M., of Dayton, Ohio, who was a lad of 14 when he went off to the war, and afterward became blind from the effects of a wound; Elizabeth, who also lived in Dayton, and took care of her brother, George M.; James; Adeline (Hurlbert), who lived in Chicago, where her husband was engineer in the ice plant of The Consumers Company, Chicago; and Charles B., superintendent of The Consumers Company's ice plant, who was married, having one child.

James Fair was obliged to hustle for himself when thirteen years of age, and began to learn the machinist's trade, first working for Pritz & Kuhns, and later, for Stillwell, Bearse & Company. With the latter company he remained many years, and upon leaving them in 1870, journeyed to Kansas. At Dayton, Ohio, a family named Pruden lived near his home, the paternal head of which still lived there, in 1901, aged 86. With the sons, James Fair was intimate. These boys and James traveled together to Kansas, going by rail to Florence, where James took the stage to Arkansas City. The Pruden boys bought two mules at Kansas City and drove through, and with them James Fair exchanged work in order to have the Pruden boys do his plowing.

In the spring of 1870, Mr. Fair preempted his claim, and upon it he at once built a 10 by 12 foot shanty, in which he "batched" many years. The first year he broke land with an axe, and planted some sod corn, and the next year he broke with a plow a considerable area, which he planted in wheat, and from it reaped a large crop. In 1872 he sold his claim to H. B. Pruden, and returning to Dayton, worked for Stillwell, Bearse & Company until 1874. In that year he returned to Kansas, and began working for Mr. Pruden. At a later period he bought his old farm back. Mr. Pruden had built a small house, which later formed a part of Mr. Fair's handsome eight-room house. He set out various kinds of trees, and an orchard which covered 13 acres. One year his wife crated over 300 bushels of peaches and 30 bushels of apricots. It required but nine peaches, cut in halves and closely packed, to fill a quart jar. These peaches were not only large, but were equally delicious. In the fall of 1897, Mr. Fair's barn, 35 by 40 feet, was completed; and in the fall of 1900 his new granary, 26 by 32 feet, was finished. He raised all kinds of crops, and much attention was devoted to the breeding of Poland-China hogs and Norman horses. The building site on his farm was high, and afforded a beautiful view to the south of Bolton Township.

Mr. Fair married Eleanor S. Robinson, a daughter of J. W. and Lucretia (Hunt) Robinson. She was born in Tennessee, and traveled extensively after attaining the age of seventeen. Her parents located in Cowley County in 1881. Her mother died when she was three years of age. There were five children in the Robinson family: William, a hotel keeper and farmer at Blackwell, Oklahoma; Margaret E. (Long), deceased, who resided at Hopkinsville, Kentucky; David, who died in infancy; Eleanor S., Mr. Fair's wife; and L. S., who lived in the Indian Territory.

Mr. and Mrs. Fair had two sons: Henry P. and Charles N.

Mr. Fair, a Republican, served as justice of the peace. Religiously, Mrs. Fair was a Presbyterian.

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[1871/1873] PAGE 188. [FRUITS/FRIER.]

D. M. FRUITS resided on the north half of the northwest quarter of section 15, Ninnescah Township. He was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, on October 17, 1836, a son of Sebastian and Matilda (Ray) Fruits.

Sebastian Fruits, his father, was born in Ohio, as was also his wife, and there he resided until he moved to Indiana. In 1845 he located in Page County, Iowa, where he took up 160 acres of land, which he cultivated up to the time of his death. They were the parents of the following children: D. M., Samuel, Sebastian, George William, Jane, Matilda A., Mary, Sarah, Martha C., and Julia. All of the children received a good schooling, and D. M. Fruits lived at home until he was 22 years of age. He then engaged in farming on his own account, and remained in Page County, Iowa, until he settled in the Sunflower State.

On July 14, 1863, D. M. Fruits enlisted as a private in Company A, 8th Reg., Ia. Vol. Cav., under Capt. G. W. Burns, and Col. J. B. Door, whose regiment was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland. Mr. Fruits served under General Sherman, and during two years and three days spent in the army took part in many battles. He was honorably discharged July 17, 1865, at Clinton, Iowa.

Mr. D. M. Fruits bought his farm May 10, 1873, from William Frier, who took up the tract in the spring of 1871. A rude house then stood on the place, and but slight improvements were made on the property. Its owner raised grain and cattle to a considerable extent, and his farm contained nothing but first class buildings.

Mr. Fruits was married May 8, 1849, in Page County, Iowa, to Mary Ann Frier, who was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, in 1837, a daughter of William and Mary (Ray) Frier. Her parents, also natives of Montgomery County, Indiana, moved in 1855 to Page County, Iowa, where they lived until the spring of 1871, when they preempted Mr. Fruits' farm. Both were deceased by 1901. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Frier, of whom three were still living in 1901: Benjamin, a farmer in Ninnescah Township; Isaac, a farmer in the southwestern part of Cowley County; and Mary Ann, our subject's wife.

Mr. and Mrs. Fruits had seven children.

1. Josephine, who lived in Shawnee, Oklahoma.

2 and 3. David and William H., who were drowned August 5, 1885.

4. Maggie A., wife of Jake Tims, of Oklahoma.

5. George, who was living at home in 1901.

6. Abbie, who was the wife of Baxter Martin.

7. John Sebastian.

8. Delilah A., who died in infancy.

[NOTE: I COUNTED EIGHT CHILDREN; NOT SEVEN.]

Mr. Fruits, a Republican, was not an office seeker.

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[SPRING 1871] PAGE 281.

GEORGE W. GARDENHIRE, one of the pioneers of Cowley County, Kansas, lived with his family ever since the spring of 1871, locating in the valley of Grouse Creek, in Windsor Township, in section 32, Township 31, range 7 east. Mr. Gardenhire was born in Marion County, Tennessee, 18 miles south of Chattanooga, October 4, 1841, a son of Jacob and Martha (Welsh) Gardenhire. He was of Scotch descent on his father's side. His great-grandfather came from near Glasgow, Scotland.

George W. Gardenhire was reared in Tennessee until he reached the age of twelve, when he went with his parents to Lawrence County, Arkansas. He was brought up on the frontier, and became inured to the hardships incident to that region. During the Civil War, he served in the Confederate army for four years, in Company E, Arkansas Mounted Riflemen. He was in the Department of Tennessee, under Generals Bragg, Hood, and Joseph Johnston. Joseph Wheeler Park, of the Old Soldiers and Settlers Association of Eastern Cowley County, comprising about 15 acres, was located upon his land.

George W. Gardenhire moved to Franklin County, Kansas, near Ottawa, in 1869, and first passed through Cowley County in that year, going to the mouth of the Chikaskia River, Indian Territory, where he camped in wagons with seven others. After a month's trip, during which he met Col. E. C. Manning and Judge T. B. Ross, at Winfield, he returned to Ottawa about December 10, 1869. He remained in Franklin County until the spring of 1870, and in May and June of that year took his family, and 300 head of cattle, to Cowley County, and located upon his farm in the valley of Grouse Creek. They made the trip with ox teams, and drove the cattle. The party consisted of Mr. and Mrs. George Gardenhire, their three children, and his uncle, Van Gardenhire. Dr. Stanley had taken the claim which later became Cambridge, and Mr. Gardenhire purchased of Mr. T. J. Raybell the northeast quarter of section 32, township 31, range 7 east. He later acquired 80 acres west of his homestead, making his place one of the finest bottom farms in the valley. There was a log claim house on the place when the party arrived, and into this Mr. Gardenhire moved his family and they lived there for two years. He had all his money invested in cattle, and for a time had bright prospects, but during the first year 265 of the 300 cattle died of Texas fever. After two years, he secured a team of mules, which he sold at Wichita for $200, using this money to pay Mr. Drew to prove up on the 80 acres referred to above. Subsequently, with the assistance of neighbors, he moved the old claim house from the center of the farm to a different site with 15 yoke of oxen. His large nine-room house was erected in 1885.

Mr. Gardenhire also owned a quarter section of pasture land in sections 30 and 31, which had been deeded to Peter Dorwin.

The first market was Ottawa; at a later period, Wichita and Emporia became the markets.

At the outset, Mr. Gardenhire raised wheat, corn, and some hogs. Later he raised wheat for winter pasturage. For many years he produced corn and hogs extensively and fed large numbers of native cattle, brought from a ranch in the territory. He preferred Shorthorn cattle and Poland-China hogs, and, aside from the first disastrous year, was successful in stock raising. He bred a large number of horses, including Clydes, Normans, and Hambletonians, and owned some very superior animals. He had one fine Hambletonian, which had gone a mile in better than three minutes, and was tracked but once.

On April 22, 1889, Mr. Gardenhire went to Oklahoma and made the run at the opening, getting a claim in Payne County, which was deeded to him, and on which his son later resided. When in Oklahoma he was made a national organizer of the People's party, having been state organizer in Kansas, and was well qualified for that duty. He was elected to the senate in Oklahoma and served as president of the council 120 days. A feature of his service in that body was a speech made by him when accepting the presidency.

Mr. Gardenhire was united in marriage with Rebecca Jones, a sister of Charley W. Jones, in Lawrence County, Arkansas, in 1866. She was of German-Irish parentage, and was reared in Grantville, North Carolina. She died June 23, 1889, aged 55, having raised seven children.

1. Laura A.

2. Jacob, Jr.

3. Clyde.

4. Charles A.

5. Albert Sidney.

6. Rosa Estelia.

7. James T.

Jacob Jr. died in Oklahoma.

Clyde, who lived at Stillwater, Payne County, Oklahoma, was married twice. His first wife was Miss Pickett, who died leaving one son, Horace; he subsequently married Miss Lewis, by whom he had a daughter, Julia Rebecca.

Charles A. was a railroad man, and lived near the house of his father in Cowley County; he married Miss Bacon and they had two children: Malcolm H. and Osa Ionia.

Albert Sidney, who was living at home in 1901, had been married for six years.

James T., who married Nina A. Woods, resided in Windsor Township, and had two children: Gladys Fern and Gertrude R.

Mr. Gardenhire was a Democrat until he helped in the organization of the Populist party in Cowley County. While in the senate in Oklahoma, he procured for Payne County the agricultural college and experimental stations.

He was a member of the lodge of the A. F. & A. M., at Burden, having been demitted from the lodge at Stillwater, Oklahoma. He belonged to the Shrine, at Oklahoma City, and also the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, at Burden. Religiously, he preferred the Baptist church, but his family belonged to the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mr. Gardenhire never sued a man, nor was he ever sued.

During the organization of Cowley County, Mr. Jones helped in the government survey; he later assisted in the survey of Oklahoma. He was twice married. His first wife was Emma Craft, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Craft. They were the parents of Ed. Jones & Maud Jones Musson. After the death of Mrs. Jones, he married her cousin, Belle Winters (1864-1936). She was the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Isaiah Winters and was born in Kasson, Minnesota. The family came from Missouri to Windsor Township in 1879. Mrs. Jones entered the mercantile field in early life, and had an exceptionally successful career extending over more than four decades. Charlie W. and Belle Jones were the parents of four children: Ruth Jones Fitch, Sam, Paul, and Harold Jones.

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[1870] PAGE 227.

R. A. GILMER, a prominent real estate dealer of Arkansas City, was one of the very first settlers of Cowley County, where he located in 1870. He was born in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, March 1, 1845, and was a son of Joseph and Mary A. (Rose) Gilmer.

Robert Gilmore, next in the line of descent, was united in marriage with Nancy Smith, who was born in Eastern Pennsylvania, as was her mother, Molly Templeton. Her father, John Smith, came from Ireland before the Revolutionary War and cast his lot with the colonists in that great struggle. At its close, he married Molly Templeton, and they moved west across the mountains to what is now Indiana County, Pennsylvania, then included in Westmoreland County. He was hurt while felling a tree, and died fourteen days later. His widow, with her three little girls, remained on the farm, but had great fear of the Indians. At the time of St. Clair's defeat, she was taken to the fort by a nephew, Samuel Calhoun, who came for her in the middle of the night, and there she lived for three years, or until the close of Wayne's campaign. She was married, a second time, to a widower named French, and lived on her farm until death. Her eldest daughter, Betsey, married Alexander Black; the youngest married Alexander White. The second daughter, Nancy Smith, became the wife of Robert Gilmore, on May 1, 1804. Robert and Nancy (Smith) Gilmore moved to Mercer County, Pennsylvania, where the former died of a cancer in the face, on June 14, 1828. They were the parents of 10 children: Polly; Jane; Keziah; Sally; Robert; John; Eliza; Joseph; Mary; and Elizabeth. Mrs. Gilmore moved to Lee County, Iowa, in September, 1846, and there resided with her married daughters until her death in 1851.

Joseph Gilmer was born in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, and became a well known oil operator and well constructor. He was a Democrat, and quite a politician, serving for a time as deputy sheriff of Mercer County. In the early "'fifties," he, with his wife and family, moved to Niles, Ohio, where the wife died in 1857. After her death he went to Crawford County, Pennsylvania, where he was afterward married to Adelia Stackpole, and there resided until his death, in 1878, near Meadville.

Joseph Gilmer took part in the Civil War, having organized Company A, 18th Reg., Pa. Vol. Cav., in 1862. He was made senior major of the regiment, and served with it in Virginia, where he was for some time in command at Fairfax Court House. By his first wife, Mary A. Rose, whose family came from Bucks County, Pennsylvania, he had five children: R. A. Gilmer being the only one living in 1901. Two daughters died when quite young; a son, Chapman, died at Niles, Ohio; and another son died in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, at the age of five years.

R. A. Gilmer attended the common schools of Pennsylvania and was also a pupil of Greenville Academy. At the age of sixteen years, he acted as engineer for his father, in boring wells on Oil Creek, and doing other work in connection with the oil business.

On April 14, 1869, Mr. R. A. Gilmer married Nora E. Robb, a native of Lee County, Iowa, her family having resided near that of Mr. Gilmer in Pennsylvania. Soon after, in the same year, Mr. Gilmer moved to Butler County, Kansas, where he remained for one year. In 1870, he located in Cowley County, where he was among the very earliest settlers. His wife was the first white woman on the Arkansas River, between Arkansas City and Derby, Sedgwick County, the place being then called El Paso. Mr. Gilmer settled on a claim, the southeast quarter of section 9, township 34, range 3 east, in Creswell Township; but after residing there for a time, he moved to Sumner County.

After a period of ten years, he returned to Cowley County, and first bought land in Bolton Township. A little later he purchased a farm northwest of Arkansas City, in section 23, where he resided until 1886. He then moved to Arkansas City, where he made his home, having entered the real estate business in the spring of 1887. He first opened an office on North Summit Street, but later relocated on the corner of Fifth Avenue and First Street. The real estate firm of R. A. Gilmer & Company was organized in 1887. [Mr. Gilmer noted that there had been a great change from speculative to home investments, and stated that this promised well for the future of the county in point of wealth and standard of citizenship.]

Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Gilmer had four children: Joseph C.; Francis E.; Frank A.; and Clara M.

Joseph C. Gilmer was born in Butler County, Kansas, January 8, 1870, and went into the hardware business at Blackwell, Oklahoma. He was married April 17, 1895, to Lottie Jerome, a native of Michigan, who accompanied her parents to Kansas in 1880. They had three children: Carlyle J., Nora, and Florence A. Gilmer.

Francis E. and Frank A. Gilmer were twins. Frank A. Gilmer died October 23, 1888, in Arkansas City, aged 15.

Clara M. Gilmer was a graduate of Arkansas City High School and Southwest Kansas College of Winfield.

Mr. Gilmer was a Republican. He was the first justice of the peace of Creswell Township, Cowley County.

Mr. Gilmer and a partner, John Askin, located in what is now the Second Ward of Arkansas City, and built the first log house, known as the Bousall House.

Mr. Gilmer was a member of Post No. 158, G. A. R., and acted four years as its quartermaster. He was a member of Lodge No. 89, A. O. U. W., of Arkansas City.

His family held membership with the Methodist Episcopal Church.

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[JANUARY 7, 1870] PAGE 437.

EDWARD F. GREEN. Among the pioneer settlers of Cowley County, Kansas, Ed. Green was conspicuously associated with its development. He located in the county January 7, 1870, and in Creswell Township took up his home, consisting of the southeast quarter of section 8, township 34, range 4 east. He was born in La Salle County, Illinois, in July 1843, a son of Henry and Alma (Works) Green.

Henry Green, who was of English and Irish descent, was born in the state of New Hampshire; upon leaving his native place, he settled at Ottawa, Illinois, as a pioneer of that district. Mrs. Green was born near Keene, New Hampshire; and as a result of her marriage with Mr. Green, five children were born: Charles Henry, who died in 1885, and was engaged in farming near Ottawa, Illinois; Mary P. (Blount), who was a widow residing at Byron, Illinois, her husband having been a surgeon in the army; and Martha E., who kept house for Edward F. and William, who were together engaged in farming in Creswell Township. Henry Green took up a tract of land in Illinois, which is now included in that part of the city of Ottawa lying east of the Fox River. Through life he was much given to original research and investigation, and perfected one of the first mowers in use, and was one of the earliest inventors to experiment on the idea of a self-raking harvester. His mower, which was patented and known as Green's Grass Mower, was sold extensively in Illinois and Missouri, and was contemporary with, if not prior to, the "Hussey" and the "McCormick." A special feature of this mowing machine was a serrated edge to the sections reaching back of the sickle-bar, which kept the grass from clogging when the mower was in operation. The Manny Machine Company purchased of him, for a consideration of $17,000, the right to use this idea in their celebrated machine. A successful machine for cutting corn in the row (two rows at a time) was invented and used by him in the "fifties." He also built bridges, after models of his own, which were considered among the best in their day. P. H. Watson was his patent attorney. Mr. Green died in 1860, aged sixty, having lived to see many of his inventions in practical use. Mr. Green possessed musical taste and acquirements, and was a member of the militia, both in New England and in Illinois. Politically, he was a staunch Republican, of the Free Soil type.

Edward F. Green was reared and educated at Ottawa, Illinois; upon leaving the high school he went to Oberlin College, where he spent two years. He then studied law under Judge E. S. Leland, of the firm of Leland & Blanchard, and in 1864 was admitted to the bar, when a young man of twenty-one years. In the spring of 1864, he went across the plains to Virginia City, Montana, with a party of four prospectors, who drove a team of four mules through to that point. He engaged in prospecting and mining during the two and a half years he spent there, receiving at times as much as $8 a day for his labor. He was at Helena, Montana, before a house had been built at that place. Returning to Illinois, he remained but a short time in that state, going from there to Nebraska, and also driving through Eastern Kansas to Texas. He was in Texas during the Greeley campaign, and while there, taught an independent colored school. At that time he had a sister acting as a missionary in the Lone Star State.

Since January 7, 1870, Mr. Green had resided almost continuously in Cowley County, Kansas, his home being on the southeast quarter of section 8, township 34, range 4 east, Creswell Township. His brother, William, owned the northeast quarter of that section, and the two brothers owned the remainder of the section together. The southwest quarter of section 8 was originally taken up by John Ryan, and the northwest quarter by J. W. Woodyard.

Edward F. and William Green drove through from Illinois in a light rig; after looking over a map of Kansas, they started for Wichita, at that time a place of about 20 houses. Then they journeyed down the Walnut River, looking over the land, and on account of the excellent springs on section 8, they took up their farm. The average volume of water issuing from the big spring was equivalent to the amount that would flow at low pressure through a two-inch pipe; and there was a smaller one on the farm with about a quarter of the force of the former. Both springs were used for supplying water for the stock, and water from the larger one ran through pipes to water troughs, ponds, milk boxes, etc. The spring flowed from a limestone strata. A claim house was first erected, and later the present dwelling was built, in which the two brothers kept bachelor's hall until their mother (who died in 1890) and sister, Martha E., began to keep house for them. They carried on general farming and raised horses, Durham cattle, Poland-China hogs, and some sheep and goats. They expended much labor and money in improvements, and made a first class stock farm of their place.

The subject of this sketch lent his influence to such enterprises as he thought would promote the welfare of the community, and assure its prosperity; on account of his many honorable traits of character and his commendable public spirit, he commanded the respect of all who knew him.

Politically, Mr. Green was formerly a Republican, but when Horace Greeley ran for president, he supported the great editor. About 1889 or 1890, Edward F. Green, with B. H. Clover and H. Vincent, drew up and published a call for a county convention at Winfield, which resulted in the formation of the People's Party. Since that time he supported that political organization.

Mr. Green held a few township offices, and was a candidate for senator or representative five times, having been elected. He served as representative of his district in 1893-1894, and was serving in that capacity again in 1901. He belonged to the Anti-Horse Thief Association and Patrons of Husbandry, and was affiliated with the Alliance, Knights of Labor, and other societies devoted to the promotion of the public good.

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[MARCH 12, 1871] PAGE 279.

[TWO PICTURES: MR. AND MRS. DAVID R. GROSE.

ELIZA F., BENJAMIN, REED, AND LIZZIE GROSE]

DAVID R. GROSE journeyed to Cowley in 1871, and effected a location on Silver Creek, in Liberty Township, on March 12 of that year.

Mr. Grose returned to West Virginia in May, 1872, and spent about a year among his early haunts. In February 1873 he returned to Cowley County, and in the following May, together with Mr. Smith, he made a trip in a wagon, going through Kansas into Nebraska, crossing the Missouri River into Iowa, traversing the western portion of Iowa to the northwestern corner of the state, where they crossed the Big Sioux River into Dakota; the journey took about four months, as they returned to Cowley County September 1, 1873.

After his marriage, which took place in Cowley County in 1874, Mr. Grose located on his home farm, located in section 23, township 33, range 5 east. This place was preempted by Ellen Mark, and became one of the choice farms of the county under Mr. Grose. He built a fine residence on his first preemption, where the family lived for several years. In 1884 he returned to his present home, and became one of the leading farmers of the county. He owned five quarter sections in sections 23 and 24, a quarter in section 14, two quarters in section 9, and 80 acres in section 26. Altogether, he owned 1,334 acres of good Kansas land.

The claim house on the home farm was built across the creek from the fine eight-room house, which Mr. Grose built in 1885 as his family residence. From time to time improvements were made. The farm with its numerous outbuildings presented the appearance of a small village. Silver Creek, crossing two quarter sections, furnished an abundance of water the year through for the stock on the place. Its banks were lined with timber, from which much valuable lumber was produced in the old days at Rogers' mill.

In 1901 Mr. Grose was cultivating about 250 acres of his farm, and the remainder of his large property was devoted to stock raising. He kept from 100 to 200 head of cattle, Shorthorns predominating. He dealt quite as largely in other stock, and in swine preferred Berkshire, mixed with Poland-China, being an enthusiast as to his choice in blood. Corn and wheat were the staple products of the farm, and cane, millet, and Kaffir corn were raised to a considerable extent. The farm was thoroughly fenced and had deep wells (20 to 30 feet), affording a fine quality of drinking water. Mr. Grose raised from 50 to 60 bushels of corn to the acre, and a very fine quality of wheat. He had an orchard, and planned to increase it.

The family and personal history of Mr. Grose is as follows.

David R. Gross was born in Nicholas County, in what is now West Virginia, then included as a part of Virginia, March 6, 1848. His parents were S. B. and Eliza V. (Perkins) Grose.

His father, S. B. Grose, was born on Thanksgiving day in 1824 in Nicholas County, West Virginia. His wife was born in Missouri, but early in life moved into West Virginia, where her marriage took place. To them were born 11 children, as follows: David R.; Octavia, deceased; John, deceased; Rowland, who became a resident of Texas; James, a clergyman, of the Methodist Episcopal church in West Virginia; Mary Ann (Phillips) of West Virginia; Orval B., a miner in the Cripple Creek district; Ben, of Kay County, Oklahoma; Maria (Summers) (Brown), who resided in West Virginia; one, who died at the age of four years; and one, who died at the age of eighteen months.

David Gross spent his boyhood and youth in a state which, up to his 17th year, presented no educational advantages in the form of free schools. He had the privilege, to a limited extent, of the subscription school system. He was married to Anna A. Mark, who was born in 1848, in Washington County, Indiana, near Salem, a daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Crowe) Mark, both natives of Virginia, and of Scotch-Irish descent. Members of the Mark family were engaged in the Irish Rebellion, and the grandfather of Mrs. Grose came to this country, and located in the western part of Virginia, now included in the state of West Virginia. Samuel Mark located in Cowley County, where he died in 1886, aged 76 years. His widow passed away the following year, aged 67. They had seven children: John M., a sketch and portrait of whom appear in this volume, the oldest member of the family; Ellen, who was the first wife of Mr. Grose; Anna A., his present wife; Mary L. (Page), who died in January 1900; David, who lived on one of Mr. Grose's farms; Robert, who died in 1883, aged 22; and Hugh E. Grose, of Oklahoma.

[NOTE: ELLEN, 1ST WIFE, ANNA A., 2ND WIFE. SORTA GATHER THAT THE SECOND WIFE IS COVERED IN FOLLOWING SKETCH.]

Mrs. Grose went with her people from Indiana to Warren County, Illinois, where she taught school, after having attended Abdingdon Seminary. She journeyed to Kansas in 1870 and taught the first school kept in Cowley County, at Winfield. At a later period she taught several terms in district No. 40. She was an amiable and intelligent lady, and had many friends in the community.

Mr. Grose was a Republican, not active, and never sought an office. Both he and his wife were members of United Brethren church, and attended the Center Point church.

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[AUGUST 1871] PAGE 163.

AMOS HAHN was the owner of 480 acres of highly cultivated land in Ninnescah Township, Cowley County, Kansas, and his home was situated on the northeast quarter of section 21. He was an enterprising farmer and a self-made man, earning his livelihood ever since he was ten years of age. He was born in Warren County, New Jersey, July 12, 1837, and was a son of Henry and Sarah (West) Hann, who were natives of Hunterdon County, New Jersey.

After farming all his life, Henry Hann died in 1880. His first wife, Amos Hann's mother, died in 1842. She bore her husband six children: Stacy, who lived at Flemington, New Jersey; Julia, who lived in Hunterdon County, New Jersey; Amos; Elizabeth and Mary, deceased; and Harriet. By his second marriage Henry Hann had, also, six children.

Amos Hahn, with his sisters and brothers, attended the public schools, although their opportunities were limited; at the early age of ten years, Amos began to work out. Thus he continued for two years, and the next three years he lived on his father's farm. He then went out working for different employers until the age of twenty-two years, when, in 1870, he went to Jersey County, Illinois, where he farmed until 1871, when he settled in Cowley County, Kansas. On August 17 of that year, he took up the northeast quarter of section 21, Ninnescah Township, and improved it until 1872, when he returned to Jersey County, Illinois. There he engaged in farming for five years, after which he again came to Kansas, where he thereafter resided. In 1886, he bought the southwest quarter of section 15, known as the Downing place, and in October 1900 he added 80 acres of section 22, known as the Bennett place. He also owned the southeast quarter of section 16. He made extensive improvements on his farm; besides raising cattle and hogs to a considerable extent, he was a large grain producer.

Mr. Hann was married August 8, 1878, to Barbara Schoene, of Lee County, Iowa, a daughter of Martin and Catherine Schoene, natives of Germany, who came to this country in 1837, and located in Pennsylvania, where the father followed farming