The Hudson family in the new world begins with George Hudson and his wife (Sarah Jones), who were born in Butterfield, England. They emigrated to Canada, in 1831. He died in Lake Simcoe, Canada, in 1847. They had five sons and six daughters.

George Hudson was born November 15, 1795, in Butterfield, England. He died March 13, 1847, in Lake Simcoe, Canada. He married Sarah Jones, no birth, marriage, or death date available. She also was born in Butterfield, England. Her death date is unknown but she is buried at Varney, Ontario, Canada.

They had eleven children, half of which were born in England. They are:

John, no dates, born in England, died in Canada.

Robert, born April 24, 1824, in England; died May 23, 1907, in Winfield, Kansas.

Henry, no dates, born in England, died in Canada.

Joseph, no dates, born in England, died in Canada.

William, no dates, died in Canada.

Sarah Ann, no dates, died in Canada.

Mary Jane, no dates, died in Canada.

Georgia, no dates, died in Canada.

three girls who died young.

Winfield Courier, Saturday, January 18, 1873.

HOTELS.

LAGONDA HOUSE, Corner of Main and Eighth...S. A. Weir & Co., Proprietors. Stages arrive and depart from this Hotel daily for all points north and east.

BRADISH HOUSE, T. G. PEYTON, Proprietor. Corner Tenth Ave. and Millington Street, Winfield, Kansas.

HUDSON HOUSE, Refitted and refurnished. At North End of Main Street. Boarding: $5.50 per week, with lodging. $4 per week for day board.

Winfield Courier, Saturday, January 25, 1873.

Wheat. Winter wheat is doing well in this vicinity, and as far as heard from, throughout the country.

R. Hudson says that four acres on his farm, north of town, sowed with seed imported from Canada, cannot be beaten in the state.

Winfield Courier, Thursday, March 13, 1873.

HUDSON HOUSE, ROBERT HUDSON, Proprietor.

AT NORTH END OF MAIN STREET.

Winfield Courier, Thursday, September 4, 1873.

DIED. Died in this city on the 28th ult., Mrs. Sarah Hudson, wife of Robert Hudson, aged 47 years. The deceased with her husband removed to this county from Upper Canada in 1871. She will be long remembered by those who knew her as a quiet, unassuming, Christian woman, who died as she had lived, in full reliance of the power of Christ.

Winfield Courier, Thursday, September 11, 1873.

The ladies of the Presbyterian Aid Society will hold a festival on Wednesday evening Sept. 17 (the second day of the fair) in Mr. Hudson's building, one door south of the Lagonda House. A supper and other refreshments will be furnished.

Winfield Courier, Thursday, October 2, 1873.

The Rev. J. E. Platter will preach in Hudson's building on Main Street next Sunday at 11 o'clock a.m. and 7 p.m.

[EDITORIAL PAGE: MEETING OF THE VETERANS.]

Winfield Courier, December 4, 1873.

The Soldier's Association met at Winfield Nov. 27th, 1873. After falling into line under command of Capt. Wm. H. H. McArthur and preceded by the Winfield Silver Cornet Band, they were marched to Hudson's Hall, the place designated for the business meeting. The Association was called to order by C. M. Wood, President of the Association, who introduced Capt. S. C. Smith, Mayor of Winfield, who in a few happy remarks bade the heroes welcome to Winfield. The Secretary read the minutes of the meeting of October 18th. Col. E. C. Manning, chairman of the Committee to draft Constitution and By-Laws then submitted the following, which was read by sections and articles and after some amendments was adopted.

ARTICLE I. This Association of Union Soldiers living in Cowley County, Kansas, shall be known as the Cowley County Soldiers Association.

ARTICLE II. Every union soldier or sailor who served with honor and was honorably discharged from the United States service, and now living in Cowley County may become a member of this association by subscribing to the constitution and paying the fees proscribed by the by-laws of the same.

ARTICLE III. The object of this Association shall be the perpetuation of memories of military achievements of the armies to which the members of this association belonged and to promote confidence and good fellowship among late comrades in arms, and protect and relieve as far as possible the needy families of those members of this society who may hereafter be called hence. And the welfare of the soldiers' widows and orphans shall ever be a holy trust with this association.

ARTICLE IV. The officers of this association shall be designated as President, Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer, and shall consist of one President, two Vice Presidents, one Secretary, and one Assistant Secretary and one Treasurer, and the aforesaid officers shall be elected by ballot with a majority vote immediately upon the adoption of this constitution and by-laws, and said officers shall hold their office for one year, or until their successors are elected. All vacancies in the aforesaid offices shall be filled by election.

SECTION I. The regular meeting of this association shall be held on the 4th day of July and on Thanksgiving day in each year.

SECTION 2. All regular meetings of the Association shall be opened by prayer to Almighty God, offered by the Chaplain or a minister of the Gospel to be designated by the President.

SECTION 3. All meetings shall be presided over by the chief presiding officer present and the usual duties incumbent upon such officers shall be performed by the respective officers herein named.

SECTION 4. In all deliberations of the society unless otherwise specially provided, parliamentary law shall govern.

SECTION 5. Every person desiring to become a member of this association may do so by signing the constitution and paying to the treasurer such amount as annual dues as the Association shall designate.

SECTION 6. All money expended by the Treasurer shall be paid out on the order of the secretary, countersigned by the president. At each annual meeting the treasurer shall make a report showing all receipts and expenditures for the preceeding year.

SECTION 7. No member of the society shall speak more than twice upon any question nor longer than five minutes without the consent of the association.

SECTION 8. The association shall select from its members a person to deliver each annual address before the association.

SECTION 9. Any member in arrears for dues for one year shall be dropped from the rolls, and can only be reinstated by a vote of the society. A member may be expelled from the association for disorderly or dishonorable conduct by a vote of the association.

SECTION 10. Special meetings of the Association can be called by the president and secretary, and any meeting may adjourn from time to time.

SECTION 11. No discussion of a political character shall be allowed.

The meeting then adjourned to meet at the courthouse for dinner.

The soldiers then formed into line and the entire association marched to the courthouse, where a beautiful dinner was spread.

After dinner, Major John B. Fairbank, J. C. Bigger, Col. E. C. Manning, and Judge Hilton addressed the association.

On motion the old officers were elected to hold over until the 4th of July 1874.

A vote of thanks was unanimously tendered to the ladies of Winfield for their interest in behalf of the soldiers.

A vote of thanks was also tendered to the Winfield Silver Cornet Band [MISSING LINE]

services and also to Messrs. Stewart and Simpson, contractors, for the use of the courtroom.

After singing the old soul stirring song "Tramp, Tramp" the association adjourned to meet July 4th, 1874. C. M. WOOD, Pres.

JAMES KELLY, Sec.

Winfield Courier, February 6, 1874.

A dance will be given at Hudson's Hall on Friday evening Feb. 13th. Good music will be provided, and no pains will be spared to make the affair enjoyable. All are invited. Tickets fifty cents. T. M. CONCANNON, Manager.

Winfield Courier, April 3, 1874.

A ventriloquist and sleight-of-hand performer gave a show in Hudson's hall last Friday and Saturday evenings. The show was a very poor affair and the proceeds were small, and the performer decamped without interviewing his landlord. The majority of our citizens are not easily duped by such fellows, but once in a while one gets "bit."

Winfield Courier, April 24, 1874.

A. H. Barnard of Belle Plain, and James F. Hall of Wichita, have formed a co-partnership and rented the Hudson House in this city. They are both gentlemen of experience in the Hotel business, and will make the Hudson House one of the best in the city. We are always glad to welcome such men to our midst.

Winfield Courier, May 1, 1874.

The Hudson House, under the management of its new proprietors, Hall & Barnard, and under the name of the Valley House, will be opened by a grand ball upon the 19th of this month.

Winfield Courier, May 22, 1874.

The Ball given at the Valley House last Tuesday evening was a decided success in every respect. The crowd was well selected and the music was fair and although the dining room was rather small for the crowd, under the gentlemanly management of Mr. Hall, time passed pleasantly. Messrs. Barnard & Hall, the new proprietors, have fitted the house up in splendid style. Everything about the premises is new, and the house has undergone such a thorough renovation that the patrons of the old Hudson House would never surmise from the appearance of the interior that it is the same building. The cooking, which is a very important feature of a hotel, is done by Mr. Hall, who is an old hand at the business, and understands all the secrets of the art, as those who were wont to visit him at the Oyster Bay in Wichita can attest. Mr. Barnard, as a landlord, cannot be surpassed; always amiable and accommodating and a gentleman in every sense of the word. Both of the proprietors have served their apprenticeship at the hotel business, and fully understand the wants and requirements of the public, and we have no doubt that they will ere long, have a large share of the patronage of the citizens of the city, as well as the public generally.

[OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS: TEACHERS REPORT.]

Winfield Courier, February 4, 1875.

A report was given relative to pupils attending grammar and intermediate departments of Winfield schools by W. C. Robinson. "The efficiency of our schools is much hindered by tardiness and irregular attendance. Parents will oblige us by aiding in overcoming this difficulty." Students in different departments were listed.

Robert Hudson

Joseph Hudson

Sarah Hudson

Mary Hudson

Wm. Hudson

Winfield Courier, March 25, 1875.

The Valley House has again changed hands. Mr. Robert Hudson, the proprietor, this time taking charge. Mr. Hudson has completely renovated the house from top to bottom, and as he is an experienced hand at the hotel business, the Valley House will no doubt be one of the most popular hotels in the city.

[WINFIELD CEMETERY ASSOCIATION.]

Winfield Courier, March 25, 1875.

There will be a meeting of the stockholders of the Winfield Cemetery Association on Wednesday, March 31, 1875, at W. H. H. Maris' store. All persons owning a lot in the Winfield Cemetery are stockholders, and entitled to vote at the meeting. A full attendance is requested. The following is a list of the said stockholders.

John Lowrey, C. A. Bliss, Mrs. Clara Flint, Robert Hudson, W. L. Fortner, W. H. Dunn, Mallard, Dr. D. N. Egbert, J. H. Land, W. M. Boyer, A. Menor, S. J. Swanson, Mrs. Eliza Davis, M. L. Read. S. C. Smith, Kenton, Marshall, Henry Martin, W. H. H. Maris, Mrs. K. Maris, E. Maris, J. Newman, L. J. Webb, J. W. Smiley, George W. Brown, John Rhoads, H. H. Lacy, L. T. Michner, George Gray, N. H. Holmes, John Mentch, M. Steward, J. J. Barrett, J. W. Johnson, J. Evans, Cutting, W. G. Graham, S. W. Greer, Dr. W. Q. Mansfield, J. D. Cochran, C. C. Stephens, W. H. South, J. C. Weathers, Mrs. Joseph Foos, G. S. Manser, Mrs. Southworth, A. A. Jackson, J. F. Graham, Mrs. H. McMasters, S. H. Myton, S. H. Darrah, M. L. Robinson, D. H. Rodocker, R. H. Tucker, James Kelly, W. Dibble, D. F. Best, Z. T. Swigart, R. Rogers.

[AD: THE VALLEY HOUSE.]

Winfield Courier, April 1, 1875.

Winfield Courier, August 12, 1875.

I hereby forbid anyone trusting my wife, Francis R. Hudson, on my account, as I will not pay any debts of her contracting. ROBERT HUDSON.

Winfield Courier, September 16, 1875.

The following is a list of cases that will stand for trial at the September term of the District Court, to be holden on and from the 27th, and have been placed on the Trial Docket in the following order.

Robert Hudson vs. W. S. Voris.

Winfield Courier, January 6, 1876.

In beginning the "Centennial year," with an enterprise like the one we have engaged in this week, it is but right and proper that we make honorable mention of the men who, by giving us their patronage, have greatly helped us in the "financial" part thereof.

Alphabetically arranged, they appear as follows.

HUDSON, ROBERT, contractor, has put up more substantial buildings than any man in town, and the best of it is, he furnished the "wherewith" to do it. He owns them. He will soon take charge of the "Valley House" and run it on Canadian principles. He is one of the original originals.

HUDSON & BROWN do a prospering business at blacksmithing. They are accommodat-ing and reliable. "Give the boys a chance."

Winfield Courier, April 20, 1876.

Bill of W. M. Boyer, six dollars and ten cents, Police Judge's fees in case of city of Winfield vs. Wm. Hudson, was read, and on motion of M. G. Troup was approved for five dollars and sixty cents, being the amount of the bill except the witness fee of M. G. Troup, fifty cents.

Winfield Courier, April 27, 1876.

Notice is hereby given that George Hudson and James Brown, under the firm name of Hudson & Brown, have dissolved partnership--George Hudson continuing the business. Also that all parties indebted to the said firm will find their accounts at W. M. Boyer's.

The following named students of the Intermediate Department received prizes for good standing in their classes: 1st Fourth Reader, Minnie Stewart; 2nd Fourth Reader, Alfred Tarrant; Third Reader, Eddie Bullene; 1st Spelling class, Hattie Andrews; 2nd Spelling class, Ada Hudson; 3rd Spelling class, May Manning.

Winfield Courier, July 27, 1876.

BEN. MANNING, aged twelve years, was jumped by a vicious hog belonging to Mr. Hudson, on Tuesday last, and was knocked down and bitten in the hand and arm before he could escape.

Winfield Courier, August 17, 1876.

Just before going to press we learn that Mr. S. S. Majors has disposed of the City Hotel. Mr. Robert Hudson, formerly proprietor of the Valley House, being the purchaser, will take possession on Tuesday next. Sid. has, during his stay in this city, conducted the City Hotel with credit to himself, to the house, and to Winfield, and his many friends sincerely regret his going out of the hotel business in this city. Mr. Majors informs us that he intends returning to his farm some four miles west of Arkansas City.

Winfield Courier, August 24, 1876.

MR. ROBERT HUDSON took possession of the City Hotel last Monday.

AD:

The House will be run in better style than ever before.

Winfield Courier, August 31, 1876.

It was not Wm. Hudson that bought out the City Hotel. Will still watches the wheels and wheels the watches into time down at the city jewelry store.

Winfield Courier, September 7, 1876.

MASTERS FRANK FREELAND, BEN MANNING, WILLIE McCLELLAN, and JOHNNIE HUDSON have the thanks of the COURIER office boys for several nice melons.

Winfield Courier, September 7, 1876.

Bill of R. A. Burns, $4.00, for care of one Hudson, a pauper, was read and, on motion, the council recommended that the county commissioners pay the same.

Winfield Courier, September 14, 1876.

WILL HUDSON has moved the City Jewelry Store to the rooms formerly occupied by Mrs. Kennedy.

Winfield Courier, September 14, 1876.

The City Hotel has a new register and blotter. The blotter contains the advertising cards of Messrs. Webb & Torrance, Wm. and Geo. Hudson, M. L. Read, J. D. Pryor, John Nichols, W. G. Graham, J. M. Reed, A. G. Wilson, B. F. Baldwin, Joe Likowski, Henry Jochems, J. B. Lynn, W. B. Gibbs, McGuire & Midkiff, and Hill & Christie. It the neatest register in the valley. Mr. Hudson is starting off on the right foot this time.

Winfield Courier, September 21, 1876.

MR. HUDSON, of the City Hotel, claims to have the only spring beds in the valley.

Winfield Courier, October 5, 1876.

Bill of B. F. Baldwin, $13.10, against Cowley County, medicine for one W. Hudson, a pauper of Winfield Township and City, was read, and on motion the council recommended the county commissioners to pay the same.

Bill of J. E. Searl, $20, attention and care of same W. Hudson, a pauper, was read and on motion the council recommended the commissioners to pay the same.

D. A. Millington, mayor, taking the chair, the bill of Dr. W. R. Davis, $64.50, was read and council recommended the bill be allowed for $43, medical attendance on same Hudson, a pauper.

Bill of Robt. Hudson, $50, for board of same Hudson, a pauper, and attendance on same was read and council recommended the same to be allowed for $40.

Winfield Courier, October 19, 1876.

Hudson has a revolving advertising desk.

Winfield Courier, November 9, 1876.

Bill of Sarah A. Fox, for $15.00, against Cowley County for care of Wm. Martin, a pauper, was read and on motion the council recommended the commissioners to pay the same.

Winfield Courier, November 16, 1876.

WM. HUDSON denies that he is inexperienced in the watch-repairing business, and denies that his are second-hand goods. He says he will duplicate any other man's work or prices in the county, and warrants his work to last as long a time. His goods are the best and were bought especially for Cowley county buyers.

Winfield Courier, November 30, 1876.

WILL HUDSON is ordering goods in his line every day. Persons wishing silver spoons, forks, casters, napkin rings, ladies' and gent's sets, bracelets, cuff pins, watches, watch chains, etc., will do well to leave their orders with him. He will order goods for holiday presents at cost. Orders solicited at the earliest possible date.

Winfield Courier, December 7, 1876.

I do not advertise my goods in anybody's "oral Bugle," in the Telegram, or in any organ that sells its columns to advertisers for the sole purpose of abusing a rival jeweler. I am running a first class jewelry store, buy my goods of first class dealers, and I pay for them. I warrant all my work. I came here before there was any Winfield or any junk-shop jewelers in this section--I came here to stay. You will not find me moving from place to place every month, or abusing those who chose to come after me. Call and see me and you will find the above statements substantially correct. Very respectfully, W. M. HUDSON.

Winfield Courier, December 21, 1876.

The City Hotel is doing a better business than ever before. Every bed and every room has been occupied for weeks by regular boarders and transient guests. Mr. Hudson is a popular landlord and deserves success.

Winfield Courier, January 25, 1877.

Bill of Robert Hudson against Cowley County for care of pauper, one W. Hudson, was read and on motion referred back to him without recommendation of its payment.

Winfield Courier, February 22, 1877. Editorial Page.

The taxpayers and farmers of Winfield Township are grievously disappointed at the action of Saturday's meeting. They are no more so than the same class of men all over the county. It is a common cause. That our readers may see that our conclusions are justified, we give the names of the following heaviest taxpayers in town, who were in favor of a change of the law, and who have so expressed themselves: C. A. Bliss, C. C. Black, Dr. W. R. Davis, Col. J. M. Alexander, J. C. Fuller, J. B. Lynn, Dr. W. Q. Mansfield, B. F. Baldwin, D. A. Millington, Rev. J. E. Platter, J. P. Short, S. H. Myton, E. C. Manning, R. Hudson, W. L. Mullen, Wm. Rodgers, Max Shoeb, Ira Moore, J. P. McMillen, J. M. Bair, J. S. Hunt.

Besides these gentlemen there is a large class of smaller taxpayers in town of the same mind. Outside of the city limits four-fifths of the farmers are in favor of a change in the law.

Winfield Courier, March 1, 1877.

Mr. George Hudson left for the Black Hills last Monday morning. Mr. Joe. Rickels, formerly of Winfield and Arkansas City, who is at present in the Hills running a blacksmith shop, sent for him, offering him $4.00 a day and his board.

Winfield Courier, March 1, 1877.

Wm. Hudson, Winfield's prosperous jeweler, has just received the largest and finest stock of clocks ever brought into the market. He has any kind of a clock a man need want, from a small lever clock to a large wall clock, and at purchasers own price.

Winfield Courier, March 8, 1877.

Messrs. Hudson and Yerger have some very fine gold rings of their own manufacture, which are finely finished. They make rings, any size, or of as fine material as may be desired.

Winfield Courier, March 15, 1877.

Will Hudson's jewelry store has been muchly improved by the addition of a new fire proof safe and a metal show case. Now he can keep watches, jewelry, and other valuables left in his care with perfect safety.

Winfield Courier, March 15, 1877.

Will Hudson has received another fine stock of jewelry, clocks, etc., which he will sell at prices of inferior goods and warrant. He keeps no auction goods.

Winfield Courier, March 15, 1877.

Bill of S. S. Major, $41.50, for care of Hudson, pauper, was reported on by finance committee, and, on motion, the bill was rejected.

Winfield Courier, April 5, 1877.

Will Hudson has improved the appearance of his jewelry store by putting a glass door in the place of the old panel one.

Winfield Courier, April 19, 1877.

We understand that Mr. Jochems will remove his extensive stock of hardware, stoves, and tinware to the room one door south of Will Hudson's jewelry store next week.

Winfield Courier, May 17, 1877.

The Court cut the Hudson vs. Hudson case off without much talk. The Judge decided that neither was entitled to a divorce, nor was either able to live with the other--that in fact they might shift around for fifteen months on probation (as it were), and at the end of that time report progress to the court. In the meantime Robert is to pay Nancy $10 every four weeks as a kind of a memento to show that by the grace of the Court they are permitted to live as they agreed to live--as man and wife.

"Judgment for plaintiff," was rendered on two or three pages of the trial docket, which means that the mortgagee takes the farm and has permission to chase the poor defendant out of the country for the back taxes.

Winfield Courier, May 31, 1877.

Max Shoeb has just finished a fine two-horse spring-wagon which is put up and finished in better style than any we have seen lately. Mr. W. H. Hudson did the woodwork, and also the painting, which is done in the best and neatest style.

[AD.]

Winfield Courier, July 5, 1877.

THE SINGER OFFICE,

Needles, Oil, Attachments, and Supplies for all machines always on hand.

Winfield Courier, July 26, 1877.

Geo. Hudson returned Saturday from the Black Hills.

Winfield Courier, August 16, 1877.

On Sunday last in the new stone church one of the largest audiences that ever met in Winfield congregated to help dedicate the new and imposing edifice to the good of man and the glory of God.

C. R. Pomeroy, D. D., of Emporia; C. C. McCabe, D. D., of Chicago; Presiding Elder Walters, of Wichita; J. E. Fox, P. E. at Hutchinson; Rev. J. Kirby, and Rev. J. P. Harson, of Wichita; Rev. H. J. Walker, Wellington; Rev. J. W. Stewart, Oxford; Reverends B. C. Swarts, Arkansas City; E. Nance, Maple City; Long, of Tisdale; W. H. McCamey, of Dexter; J. E. Platter, C. J. Adams, P. Lahr, and J. L. Rusbridge, pastor, of Winfield, assisted in the labors of the day.

Chaplain McCabe spoke for an hour to an attentive and interested audience, pointing in forcible and glowing terms to the work of the church, the needs of our people, the dangers to our Republic, and the saving power of religion in matters of dollars and cents, of bread and butter. True is it, as he said, that the demon of intemperance finds its most untiring and relentless antagonist in the church of Christ. As a social, a political, an economical, and an educational investment, our church capital is productive beyond all other investments.

The sermon of the morning was followed by a statement from Mr. Rushbridge concerning the financial condition of the M. E. Church of Winfield. A building had been erected at an expense of $7,000, of which some three thousand dollars remained unpaid. The work of this day, the prefatory exercises of the dedication, was to raise the sum of twenty-five hundred dollars, which would practically cancel the immense debt of the church and free the building from all encumbrances.

At this announcement from Mr. Rushbridge, the hearts of the most hopeful failed them, and few felt that the work of this day would remove this immense burden. In a few minutes contributions and subscriptions began to pour in. One hundred dollars was reached--then five hundred, and soon a thousand had been subscribed, and then the hopes of all grew stronger, and the purses of the many grew liberal, while rich and poor, male and female, saint and sinner, gave of their means to aid the noble cause. By the close of the morning services about eight hundred dollars had been given. At the afternoon exercises a few hundred more was given, and at night the entire amount of twenty-five hundred dollars was reached, and then the audience rose up and sang that grand old song, "Praise God from whom all Blessings Flow." The work was done! The church was free! The service of dedication was finished, and the people departed to their homes proud of the beautiful edifice which adorns our city, but prouder still of that generosity and liberality which adorns the hearts and minds of our enterprising citizens.

Of the music, of the songs, of the sermons, of the vast crowd assembled, we say nothing, as the entire city seemed to have been present and to enjoy the occasion, and so our readers need no comments upon these matters.

An elegant silver set for communion service, presented by F. M. Friend, and a fine clock from Will Hudson were among the donations.

The building is 40 x 80 feet in size, with an arched ceiling 27 feet high. It is beautiful in outline and harmonious in its appointments.

Winfield Courier, August 23, 1877.

Our friend, Robert Hudson, has got his divorce. It will be recollected that he had a suit for divorce pending before the District Court of this county for some time which culminated in the refusal of his honor, Judge Campbell, to grant the divorce, but charging him ten dollars per month to be paid to his wife for her support.

Feeling deeply grieved by this decision of the court, he followed in the footsteps of the illustrious Brick Pomeroy, and like him obtain his decree in a probate court of the land of Brigham.

Like Brick, he too accepted the services of a sharp Chicago lawyer, who, for the sum of one hundred dollars, to be deposited in Read's bank to await the result, agreed to obtain for his client a decree of divorce without alimony that would be valid in this or any other state, and be so pronounced by our courts, and when it should have been so procured and tested, Read was to pay over the fees.

The famous Poland bill which passed Congress and became a law, in giving jurisdiction to the territorial courts of Utah, provides that the Probate Courts of Utah in their respective counties shall have jurisdiction of suits for divorce for statutory causes concurrently with the District courts.

The act of the Territorial legislature of Utah relating to bills of divorce provides that "Any person who is a resident of the Territory or wishes to become one, could maintain an action for divorce in that Territory, and "when it shall appear to the satisfaction and conviction of the court that the parties cannot live in peace and union together, and that their welfare requires a separation" then a divorce shall be granted.

Now neighbor Hudson really does wish to become a resident of Utah, and it is really true that he and his wife "cannot live in peace and union together," therefore it was very easy to satisfy and convince a probate judge in Utah of these facts. So having first made the required publication in some Utah newspaper that has a circulation of 150 copies, our Chicago limb of the law presents his evidence and the decree of divorce is granted without alimony. An attested copy of the decree is on deposit at Read's bank awaiting a judicial test in our courts.

Mr. Hudson proposes to refuse payment of the next $10 alimony, which is due Sept. 1st, at which time the District Court will be in session, which will precipitate the test of his divorce which he desires.

We shall leave the matter without expressing an opinion for the court will soon act upon the case.

Winfield Courier, September 20, 1877.

Mrs. Mansfield and son, Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Bliss, Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Black, Mr. C. S. Thomas, W. D. Roberts, Wm. Hudson, and T. M. McGuire are attending the Kansas City exposition.

Winfield Courier, October 25, 1877.

in which are kept all articles left for repairs.

Winfield Courier, December 6, 1877.

Will Hudson & Bro. have filled their store cases chuck full of jewelry, silverware, and watches. It is the largest stock of jewelry ever brought to this city, from which any man, woman, or child can select anything they may desire for their own use or for holiday presents.

Winfield Courier, March 21, 1878.

The old log store has gone to a more northeastern site. Robert Hudson put his log wheels under it last Saturday and it had to budge, heavy as it was. In 1870 this building was about all there was of Winfield. It has done service as store, church, political headquarters, law office, post office, schoolhouse, printing office, and almost everything else, but it had to give place to a more pretentious building. It looks lonesome around the old site.

[DISTRICT COURT.]

Winfield Courier, April 11, 1878.

Mr. E. S. Bedilion, District Clerk, furnishes us with the following list of cases which will probably be for trial at the next term of the District Court commencing on Monday, May 6th, 1878.

M. L. Read v. Robt. Hudson et al.

Winfield Courier, April 18, 1878.

Upon presentation of a petition and bond by E. C. Manning et al. asking for the view and survey for a county road, the board appointed T. A. Blanchard, Robert Hudson, and A. T. Shenneman viewers, to meet on the 9th day of May, 1878.

Winfield Courier, May 2, 1878. Editorial Page.

Mr. E. S. Bedilion, District Clerk, furnishes us with the following list of cases which will probably be for trial at the next term of the District Court commencing on Monday, May 6th, 1878.

M. L. Read v. Robt. Hudson et al.

Winfield Courier, May 2, 1878.

Robert Hudson seems to be rolling buildings about town with as much ease as rolling eight inch balls at ten pins.

Winfield Courier, May 9, 1878.

Judgment for plaintiff by default was ordered in the following: M. L. Read vs. R. Hudson et al.

Winfield Courier, May 23, 1878.

W. A. Hart, from near Douglass, is fitting up the Robert Hudson building on the corner south of the Central Hotel for a restaurant.

Winfield Courier, June 13, 1878.

Our councilmen, George W. Gully, Robert Hudson, and J. M. Olds lost some shirts from a clothes line at the American House one day last week, and a certain man was suspected of the theft. Deputy J. H. Finch was sent into the country to find the stolen shirts and other articles of clothing. Finch has the trunk in charge and is ready to deliver it to the owner whenever he calls for it.

Winfield Courier, July 4, 1878.

Council met in council chamber. J. B. Lynn, mayor, absent; all councilmen but H. Jochems present.

Action was taken on the following bills. [Showing Allowed Only.]

R. Hudson, foundation on poor house: $5.50

Winfield Courier, July 11, 1878.

We "let off" our surplus patriotism on the Fourth by going to Arkansas City and taking a ride on the "Aunt Sally" beneath the classic shades of the "raging Walnut." The said "Aunt Sally" is not exactly like the Sound steamers that ply between Fall River and New York. We did not see the elegant staterooms, dining-hall, furniture, and such; but she paddled along just as well as though arrayed in gay plumage. The passengers stood up on deck and sweltered in the heat; taking two or three small showers for variety; then the whistle made most unearthly screams and the band played patriotic airs. The boat was manned by Channell, Sleeth, Swarts, Farrar, Mowry, and many others of the old sailors of Arkansas City. Many Winfield ladies and gentlemen were on board with us, exhibiting more enthusiasm, we thought, than did our "seaport" friends. When we returned to the landing, Bonsall was on hand with his camera to take a picture of the boat and its passengers, but we shall never believe he got a good picture until he furnishes us with a copy. When that infernal whistle shrieked, it was with difficulty that we prevented our unsophisticated Winfielders from following the example of the Indians down the river by jumping off and wading ashore. Troup jumped about 18 feet, Harris 14, Baird 12, Bliss 10, McMullen & Lemmon 3, Hudson 2. The rest of them were on the other side of the boat and we were not able to record their feats of ground and lofty tumbling.

Winfield Courier, August 1, 1878.

Mary A. Millington and husband to George Hudson, lot 15, block 127, Winfield; $45.

Winfield Courier, August 22, 1878.

Robert Hudson, the "prime mover" of buildings, has removed the old post office building to parts unknown.

Winfield Courier, September 26, 1878.

Will Hudson has been putting several fine show cases in his jewelry store, and now has one of the best establishments in the city.

Winfield Courier, October 17, 1878.

BIRTH. Born, on Saturday night, to Mr. and Mrs. Geo. Hudson, a son; nine pounds and a half--cigars.

Winfield Courier, October 24, 1878.

Geo. Hudson has quit blacksmithing and gone to work in the jewelry store.

Winfield Courier, December 5, 1878.

Hudson Bros. have just received two hundred new, elegant clocks, which they will sell at low prices.

Winfield Courier, December 19, 1878.

L. H. Hope and Hudson Bros. have on exhibition in their show windows two excellent premiums, consisting of a very fine flower vase and a silver castor, valued at $22.50, which premiums will be given away at the Grand Masquerade Ball on New Year's Eve to the finest and best appearing lady's and gent's mask. Therefore, brace up; secure an invitation and a masquerade suit in time, and whatever character you represent act well, and you will have a chance to be the "lucky person" and carry home the prize. There will be no extra charge for your chance; it only costs $1.50 per couple, the regular price of admission.

Winfield Courier, December 26, 1878.

The members of Winfield Lodge, No. 110, I. O. O. F., have chosen the following named brethren as officers of this lodge for the term commencing January 1, 1879.

Wm. Hudson, L. S. S.

Winfield Courier, Thursday, January 2, 1879.

The following is a list of new buildings erected in the city of Winfield since January 1, 1878, with the name of owner and cost of building.

Wm. Hudson, residence, frame: $450.

[COURIER ADVERTISERS.]

Winfield Courier, January 2, 1879.

The Courier feels proud of its list of advertisers. No county newspaper in the state can boast a larger list or one made up of better, more honorable or more enterprising men. Here they are in alphabetical order.

HUDSON BROS., are young men, born mechanics. They are in the jewelry, silverware, watch, and clock trade, and they know how to make and mend in the best of style. Their strict attention to business and pleasing manners are winning over an excellent trade.

[WINFIELD LODGE, NO. 101, I. O. O. F.]

Winfield Courier, January 16, 1879.

The following officers of the Winfield Lodge, No. 101, I. O. O. F., were installed last Thursday evening.

Will Hudson, L. S. S.

Winfield Courier, February 13, 1879.

W. H. Hudson has opened a wagonmaking shop in the rear of Dan Miller's blacksmith shop. Mr. Hudson is a good workman.

Winfield Courier, February 13, 1879.

Misses Nellie Aldrin, Sarah Bovee, Mattie Minnehan, Estella Crook, Annie Hudson, Hattie McKinley, Electa Strong, Lyda Strong, Mrs. I. E. Brown, Ed. S. Smith, J. S. Baker, A. E. Hon, L. McKinley, and Mrs. S. E. Litton were at the teachers' examination held in this city on the first of this month.

Winfield Courier, February 27, 1879.

Capt. Sanford has fitted up the Hudson building, corner of Eight Avenue and Main Street, and intends moving his billiard hall into it.

[DISTRICT COURT DOCKET.]

Winfield Courier, May 1, 1879.

The following is a list of cases that will stand for trial at the May, A. D. 1879, term of the District Court of Cowley County, beginning on the first Monday in May, and have been placed on the Trial Docket in the following order.

Robert Hudson vs. Frances R. Hudson.

Winfield Courier, May 29, 1879.

The city authorities are sinking a public well in front of Hudson Bros. jewelry store.

Winfield Courier, June 12, 1879.

Mr. Robert Hudson moved the Jochem building with all the shelf hardware intact and never disturbed a thing. When Mr. Hudson goes to work on a building, he is sure to make it go.

Winfield Courier, July 3, 1879.

Mr. Robert Hudson, the boss mover of Winfield, accomplished a feat in the moving line last week which is worthy of mention. He moved Harry Bahntge's old building from one lot over on another without jarring the plastering or moving a thing out of the house. The building was filled with furniture which was neither moved nor jarred.

Winfield Courier, July 31, 1879.

Last Saturday Mr. Robert Hudson finished taking out the Timber Creek bridge which was thrown down last week. The bridge is very little damaged, there being only one rod and a wooden cross-beam broken. The opinion of the persons who took the bridge out is that it did not go down in the center as at first supposed, but was thrown off of the abutment by the springing and crowding of the ponies. The irons and belts have all been taken out and are now at the foundry, and will only need to be straightened before they can be put back. It is estimated that three hundred dollars will put the bridge back on the old abutments in as good shape as it was before.

Winfield Courier, August 21, 1879.

We have been instructed to say that the person who feloniously and with malice aforethought, took three of Robert Hudson's jack screws from his residence recently, had better return the same without further notice and save trouble.

[DISTRICT COURT CALENDAR - AUGUST TERM.]

Winfield Courier, August 21, 1879.

Robert Hudson Torrance & Asp.

vs.

Francis R. Hudson

[A GRAND SCHEME TO ELECT HARTER SHERIFF BY FOUL MEANS.]

Winfield Courier, October 23, 1879.

We appeal to the honest voters of this county to vote for Shenneman, a capable and honest man, instead of one whose unfitness requires the aid of fraud to give him any chance. We appeal to them that they see that all attempts at fraud in the coming election be detected and punished.

Here following some of the affidavits.

STATE OF KANSAS, )

Cowley County. ) ss.

Robert Hudson, after being first duly sworn, upon his oath, says that he is a citizen of Winfield, in said county and state, and has been for several years last past.

That his occupation is that of house mover, that during the year 1878 James Kelly, then postmaster of this city, employed affiant to move the old post office building from Dr. Mendenhall's premises. Dr. Mendenhall commenced an action in attachment against James Kelly, and the order of attachment was placed in the hands of Charles L. Harter, Sheriff of said county, to execute, and instructed him to levy upon said building. He came down to levy upon the building, affiant at the time being at work getting it ready to move away. James Kelly was present. Harter stated his business to him and said he was going to levy upon the building and for me to stop work, and for Kelly to get out.

Kelly ordered him to leave and told him he would put a head on him if he did not go and Harter taking him at his word left. Kelly told affiant to go ahead with the moving. Affiant did so and moved the building away and Harter never did get possession of the same, and further the affiant says not. ROBERT HUDSON.

Subscribed and sworn to before me this 18th day of October, 1879.

STATE OF KANSAS, )

Cowley County. ) ss.

J. P. Mayfield, after being duly sworn upon his oath doth say, that I was one of the hands, and helped Robert Hudson move the old post-office building from Dr. Mendenhall's premises. I went there with the tools and went to work, the first man on the building. Hudson and Jim Kelly were present. Charles L. Harter came there and Kelly and he had some words. Kelly ordered us to hurry up and pay no attention to anyone but him. We did so, and we never stopped the building until we got it into the street. Harter left and never got possession, or levied upon the building at all that day, and the moving of the building went right along until we got it into the street, where we had to stop, waiting for the cattle to pull it away, and as soon as the cattle came we went ahead, and if Mr. Harter ever levied upon the building his levy did not interfere with our business, and none of us ever knew of it. It is certain he never took possession or attempted to do so. John E. Allen to the contrary notwithstanding.

Subscribed and swore to before me, this 29th day of October, 1879.

Winfield Courier, November 6, 1879.

Hudson Bros. received last Monday a large and handsome safe, which will be placed in their jewelry store. It the largest safe, outside of the banks in the city.

Winfield Courier, December 4, 1879.

Among the many handsome things lately received by Hudson Bros. is a "Cuckoo Clock." It works splendidly and is a jem of the kind.

Winfield Courier, April 1, 1880.

The elements seem to have a particular spite against Robert Hudson. His barn was destroyed by the cyclone of Wednesday night and Friday night the wind took the awning from the front of his building on Main street.

[THE CYCLONE.]

Winfield Courier, April 1, 1880.

The big blow of last Thursday morning was perhaps as destructive as any that has yet visited this locality. The wind seemed to strike the earth at intervals, tearing everything to pieces which happened to be in its way. The first damage done was to the lumberyard of S. A. Brown & Co. A large shed was torn to pieces, their office moved from its foundation, and the lumber scattered promiscuously over several acres of ground.

The cyclone then seemed to sweep on, overturning out-houses and chimneys until it struck the house of L. W. Spach, a one story frame building, which in the twinkle of an eye was torn to pieces and scattered along the trail of the wind 50 yards. Mrs. Spach and the youngest child were slightly injured.

The next building that suffered was John Campbell's story and a half frame residence. It was lifted from the foundation, turned squarely upside down, and dropped; the comb of the roof striking the ground and splitting the building open in the center. The lower floor was carried a distance of 100 yards, followed by a mattress, a table, and a safe. Mr. Campbell, wife, and two children, who were sleeping in the house, were all more or less injured, though not fatally.

The next victim of the relentless elements was John Beer, who, with a family named Peters, owned and occupied a story and a half frame house on the Fuller addition. Their house was literally torn to pieces and scattered all over the neighboring lots. One of the ladies in the house was severely injured.

Robert Hudson's granary and the shed attached to the stage stable were completely wrecked.

The total damage to property will probably reach $3,000. Fortunately no lives were lost. The three parties whose homes are in ruins are all poor people, and the blow falls heavily upon them. Our citizens generously subscribed over two hundred dollars toward helping them rebuild their houses.

Winfield Courier, April 29, 1880.

Will Hudson, Shelly Hyde, and others started overland for Colorado last Friday. Their trip is one of pleasure, and they intend to spend several weeks camping among the mountains [THE FIRE.]

Winfield Courier, May 6, 1880.

Last Thursday night, between 11 and 3 o'clock, Winfield was visited by the most disastrous conflagration yet happening within her borders. The fire started in the old log store, one of the landmarks of the town, and for years occupied by the COURIER, but was now being used by F. Leuschen as a cabinet shop. The fire is supposed to have originated from the old rags, oil, and varnish in the shop. The alarm was given before the fire was thoroughly underway, and had those first on the ground been furnished with decent appliances, it might have been controlled, saving thousands of dollars worth of property. The old log building was like a tinder box and made a very hot fire. Next to it on the east were two buildings, one belonging to C. L. Harter and occupied by the moulder at the foundry, the other owned and occupied by Robert Hudson. These buildings were both destroyed, but the contents were saved.

Immediately west of the log building, across the alley, was an old livery barn belonging to Hackney & McDonald, which was the next to go.

From this the fire was communicated to the Central and Lindell hotels. As soon as it was evident that the hotels must go, the work of getting out the furniture began. Carpets, bedding, crockery ware, and furniture of all descriptions were tumbled promiscuously out of windows and doors into the street, much of it being broken and smashed. The hotels being dry, pine buildings, burned rapidly, sending up large cinders which fell in different parts of the city, making the utmost vigilance necessary to keep them from igniting buildings three blocks from the fire.

When the two hotels caught, everyone turned their attention toward saving the buildings on either side of the street. They were covered with men who handled buckets of water and barrels of salt, and by their exertions prevented the fire from spreading and destroying the larger part of the business portion of our city.

The old part of the Central Hotel was owned by Jas. Jenkins, of Wisconsin. The new part of the Central Hotel was owned by Majors & Harter. They had sold out to A. H. Doane, and were to have given possession Saturday morning.

The Lindell Hotel was owned by J. M. Spencer, and was leased by Jas. Allen one month ago.

Our citizens generously opened their homes to the homeless people, and accommodations were offered for more than was needed.

The following is a list of the losses and insurance.

Captain Stevens, store, loss $1,000; no insurance.

Fred Leuschen, furniture store and dwelling, loss $1,200. Insurance on stock, in Home, of New York, $300.

C. L. Harter, tenant dwelling, loss $300; no insurance. Tenant had no loss except damage.

Robert Hudson, dwelling, loss $800. Mrs. Hudson removed most of her furniture. No loss except damage. No insurance on either house or contents.

Hackney & McDonald, livery stable occupied by Buckhart, loss $800; no insurance.

Central Hotel, main building: James Jenkins, loss $3,500; insurance, $1,500 in the Atlas.

Central Hotel, Majors & Harter portion: loss to building, $2,500; insurance, $2,100, as follows: Weschester, Springfield Fire & Marine and Hartford, $700 each. [Their insurance was on building and furniture.] The loss of Majors & Harter in excess of their insurance will be upwards of $3,000.

PUZZLING! $2,100-INSURANCE...AND YET $700 EACH ($1,400)...DOES

NOT COMPUTE WITH $2,100 INSURANCE...COULD BE THE

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN $2100 AND $1400 WAS INSURANCE

ON CONTENTS!

J. M. Spencer, Lindell Hotel, loss $2,500; insurance $1,000, as follows: Fire Association, $500; Phenix, of Brooklyn, $500; James Allen, loss $1,000; insurance, $800.

Policies are in the agencies of Gilbert, Jarvis & Co.; Curns & Manser; and Pryor & Kinne. The companies are all first class, and the losses will be promptly adjusted and paid.

[ROBERT HUDSON'S BATH HOUSE.]

Winfield Courier, May 6, 1880.

Robert Hudson's new bath house is about finished. It is complete throughout, furnished with bath tubs and bathing apparatus, and will be one of the most convenient houses in the southwest. Mr. Chas. Steuven has rented it and will open up in about a week.

[COMMENCEMENT.]

Winfield Courier, June 10, 1880.

The Winfield public school closed last Friday, and commencement exercises were held in Manning's hall Friday evening. The valedictory address by McClellan Klingman was very fine, and the original oration of James Lorton is spoken of in the highest terms. The following was the order of exercises.

Prayer. Music. Original Oration, Jas. Lorton, "Improvements of Time." Recitation, Lou Morris, "All the World." Declamation, George Black, "Allow for the Crawl." Recitation, Hattie Andrews, "We Measured the Baby."

Music. Essay, Rosa Frederick, "Life of Cowper." Recitation, Cora Shreves, "My Good Old-Fashioned Mother." Declamation, Charles Beck, "Pyramids not all Egyptian." Recitation, Sarah Hudson, "Thoughts During Church Service."

Music. Original Oration, Lee C. Brown, "Wards of the Government." Recitation, Leota Gary, "The Minister's Door-Bell." Recitation, Rose Rounds, "After the Battle." Valedictory Address, McClellan Klingman.

Music. Address, R. C. Story. Presentation of Diplomas.

Music. Benediction.

Messrs. McClellan Klingman and James Lorton were the graduates for 1880.

The hall was tastefully arranged and a large audience present. Through the efforts of Prof. Trimble, our schools have reached a remarkable degree of efficiency, and with more room, more teachers, and Prof. Trimble as principal, Winfield will be the equal in educational facilities of any city in Southern Kansas.

Winfield Courier, July 8, 1880.

Will Hudson has returned from his Colorado trip much improved in health.

Winfield Courier, July 15, 1880.

Dr. Fleming has removed his drug store to the Hudson building on Main street. The Doctor has a neat way of arranging his store which makes it very attractive.

Winfield Courier, August 5, 1880.

Hudson Brothers are running the Arkansas City jewelry business in the Palace store, as well as their Winfield store.

[HUDSON'S BATH HOUSE.]

Winfield Courier, August 19, 1880.

Hudson's bath house will be in trim and open anew. On Thursdays he will give free baths to gentlemen and on Fridays, free baths to ladies, when female attendants will be in charge. Call and try it.

Winfield Courier, September 9, 1880.

If Johnny Hudson keeps feeding our boys on watermelon, we shan't answer for the result.

[MARRIED: HUDSON/DILLINGHAM; WILSON/McGUIRE.]

Winfield Courier, October 7, 1880.

Married at the residence of the bride's mother, Mrs. Dillingham, Sept. 29th, 1880, by Rev. Cairns, Mr. William H. Hudson and Miss Leonora P. Dillingham, both of Winfield.

Winfield Courier, January 6, 1881.

Mr. and Mrs. Friend have rented the Hudson building, formerly the Flag drug store, and will occupy it during the next year for their combined stores.

Winfield Courier, April 14, 1881.

Hudson Bros. have put up an elegant new sign this week. They have also repainted the front of their store room, and otherwise improved the premises.

Winfield Courier, April 14, 1881.

Robert Hudson is putting in an addition to his bath house, and will soon have two more tubs in running order. With his new improvements, he will be able to give as good a "Turkey" bath as you can get in Chicago.

[FRANK MANNY'S LETTER: PROHIBITION IN KANSAS.]

Winfield Courier, May 5, 1881.

We have received many letters from Iowa and other states containing a letter written by Frank Manny, of this city, clipped from one newspaper or another, with the inquiry if the statements therein contained are true. We answered one of these briefly last week, but subsequently we learn that the Manny letter is being published widely in other states, not only as an argument against prohibitory liquor laws, but against emigrating to Kansas, and particularly against this city and county. It is known that Winfield and Cowley County are the

for prohibition. The vote on the prohibitory amendment last November was in Winfield 443 for, and 121 against. Majority for: 322. In Cowley County the vote stood, 3,248 for, and 870 against. Majority for, 2,373. No other city or county in the state gave anything like such majorities for, and most cities as large or larger than Winfield gave majorities against. If prohibition is disastrous to a community, it is fit that this city and county be the heaviest sufferers. If it is a good thing, this city and county should come in for a goodly share of the benefits. This city and county are only eleven years old. In that time they have risen from nothing to a population of 21,539 for the county, and 2,850 for the city, according to the U. S. census of 1880, and the population of the city today is not less than 3,300. Of these eleven years, nine of them have been years of magnificent crops of all kinds, and two of them have been years of partial failure. The first year of short crops was 1874, and the following spring showed a decrease of population and a stagnation of business. The other year of short crops was 1880, which was even worse than 1874, and the result on the population and business this spring will appear in the statements which follow. Either in consequence of, or in spite of the fact that intoxicating liquors have always been sold here in any abundance, we have arisen from nothing to one of the best and wealthiest counties in the west in eleven years. Was it whiskey, or was it our wonderfully fertile soil, fine climate, and attractive surroundings?

Here is the famous Manny letter.

Herewith I send you a car load of barley, which please sell for me and remit proceeds after deducting all expenses. I have tried my best to dispose of it in our neighboring towns, but have not succeeded. I have invested $20,000 in my brewery, and I do not believe I could get $500 for it now on account of the prohibition law. I have over $1,000 worth of beer in my vaults and am not allowed to sell a drop. My barley and malt cost me 95 cents a bushel, but I cannot get 50 cents for it now. You have no idea how our people are upset by the new law. A year ago our town was prospering, not a house or store to be had, and now you will find from 100 to 150 houses vacated. Stores that brought $50 a month rent are empty. The state of affairs is such that even our prohibition people are getting scared and regret what they have done. If you should find anything for me there, please let me know.

Below are statements of businessmen and leading citizens of this city and county.

Druggists: Our trade is better than it was a year ago, retail not so good but have done more jobbing trade. We account for a falling off in retail by the fact that people have less money and there is very little sickness. It is much healthier through the country than a year ago. Do not see that the prohibition affects the trade. We shall not take out a license to sell liquor for medical purposes until a supreme court decision defines what the law is. We do not think it safe to make the required bond under the present state of doubt. We will not evade the law in any particular.

My business has improved every month I have been here and this last month is the best I have had. There is not much sickness. The doctors say it is distressingly healthy, so our prescription business is not as large as it would otherwise be. I do not know as the prohibitory law has had any effect on our trade as yet, but after today (April 30) I shall not sell liquor for medical or other purpose and shall not take out a permit at least for the present. This will not reduce my sales perceptibly for very little liquor enters into prescriptions.

My general trade is better than it was a year ago. My prescription trade is less, because there is less sickness. I account for a better general trade by having a better stock and better location. I do not think the prohibitory law has affected my trade in any way. After May first I do not intend to sell liquor on prescriptions and that will effect my trade but slightly.

After the supreme court shall have defined the law, I shall decide my course, but at present I do not deem it prudent to give bond and take out a permit. The law is putting druggists in an unpleasant situation, but the idea that it will be a damage to the city and county is all nonsense.

Druggists and Booksellers: Don't think our trade is quite so good as it was a year ago, but it is very good, much better than we expected. Our trade would be much better ordinarily, but there is very little call for medicines and almost no sickness in the county. Physicians are all complaining of little business. We are going to take out a license, and sell for legitimate purposes in a legitimate way, and the prohibitory law will not affect this part of our trade in any way. We like the law and are going to support it. We have commenced to build a new house for our business. It will be 23 x 77, two stories and basement, of Winfield stone with brick front, iron columns, and plate glass, and will cost $3,500.

My trade is about 25 percent better than it was a year ago, on account of a wider acquaintance. The health of the country is better than it was a year ago, scarcely any ill health. I do not think prohibition effects my trade in any way.

There is a material falling off in my business as compared with a year ago. I think it is one third less. I do not attribute this to a bad year for crops last season. I do not think it was a bad year. The county produced a large corn crop, which has been fed out, and an unusually large number of hogs have been marketed at good prices. A great many cattle have been marketed, a great deal of flour and wheat has been turned off, an unusual amount of butter, eggs, etc., has been sold, and I believe the farmers received more money than ever before. I intend to go west and find a place where I can do business with some degree of freedom. Under the prohibition law it is not safe to give bond and sell drugs for there are so many things in the drug and medicine line which contain alcohol in some proportion that one will be caught by some enemy before he is aware of breaking the law and his bond is forfeited. The law prohibits the sale of drugs containing alcohol, except by going through a routine that I do not intend to undertake.

I think the State Convention of Physicians will pass a resolution to refuse to take the oath required, and to prescribe alcoholic liquors. I have heretofore rarely prescribed such and then mostly at the request of patients. I have heretofore rarely prescribed such and then mostly at the request of patients. There is no necessity of prescribing such, except in very rare cases such as snake bite. In an emergency I would not hesitate to use the necessary means to save life. I do not think there is anything in the law to prevent me.

My business is double what it was a year ago. Since the saloons were closed, my business has been about double what it was before. There are as many grocery stocks in town as there were a year ago. I attribute the increase in my trade to having a better stock, a better location, and to not having a noisy saloon beside me to drive away my best customers, and to the fact some men spend more money for groceries than formerly. For the last two months my Saturday cash receipts for goods have run from $143 to $233 per day. I have been out in the surrounding country and find an unusual amount of farm work and improvements going on.

Our trade is good but not so good as a year ago. There are reasons why it should be less. Poor crops and less sickness, are principal. It is too early to tell what the effect of the prohibitory law is or will be. We shall not take a druggist's license at present, but await a decision of the supreme court to define the meaning of the law, and in the meantime shall not sell liquor for medical or any other purpose.

There is and has been very little sickness in this county all winter and spring, much less than usual. I do not attribute this to the operation of the prohibitory law. The State Medical Society meets on May 10th. Until then I do not intend to take the oath or to prescribe liquors. I do not intend to let anyone die on account of it, but shall administer it myself when necessary. I think the law needs to be authoritatively defined by the courts and then our profession will fall in to help carry out the law. We hold off a little now as a matter of prudence.

Tunnel Water Mills: We are making 20,000 pounds of flour per day, which is about the same amount we were making a year ago. There are six flouring mills running in the county while only five were running a year ago. There is plenty of wheat in the county to keep the mills running until the next crop. There is much less wheat being shipped from this county than a year ago. I suppose about 1,200 bushels has been shipped within the last thirty days.

I don't think prohibition effects this business in any way as yet. I do not think the wheat crop of this county the past year was over 300,000 bushels. An average crop would have been over 1,000,000 bushels. The present promise is a very good crop for this year. The acreage is greater than last year and we may reasonably expect a crop of 1,200,000 bushels. Prices are about the same as a year ago and have been very steady for a year. We have formerly shipped much of our flour to Colorado and New Mexico.

Dealer in clothing, gents' furnishing goods, hats, caps, boots, and shoes: My trade is less than it was a year ago, but I have demand for a better class of goods than was wanted a year ago. I do not think that prohibition affects my trade in any way.

Loan agent: My business is better than a year ago, because of more confidence in the future of this county and in the value of securities. Men are building fine buildings and making substantial improvements who would not have done so had the saloons remained.

I live in Vernon township, Cowley County. There is more building going on than there was a year ago. Some of them are very fine improvements. There has much more farm work been done and better done than last year. The prospects for peaches, apples, and all kinds of fruits were never better. Corn is up and looking well. Oats look fine, but wheat is not as promising as it has been some years. Gardens are in excellent promise. There are several newcomers in this township and a demand for farms to rent much greater than the supply.

Real estate, loan, and insurance agents: Our business generally is about the same as a year ago. The value of real estate in both city and county, has appreciated during the last year. Farms are held firmer and at higher prices than a year ago. There is more being done in the way of building and other improvements than ever before. Farmers are doing their work better and putting in their crops in better shape. The cultivated acreage is much greater than a year ago. An immense amount of prairie breaking is being done. More tree planting is being done than ever before. We travel over the county frequently and have had plenty of opportunities to observe. A considerable number of new settlers have already located in the county this spring and we have correspondence which indicates that a great many more will soon be here. Those who have settled this spring are well fixed. Many of them say they came because of our prohibition laws.

We have a list of three hundred families who are coming from various states to settle in this state and probably in this vicinity. Notwithstanding we had last year the boom of two railroads just completed to this city, the demand for real estate is as great now as it was then. Some large and fine buildings will be erected in this city this year. One business house in our charge by McDougal will cost $8,000. Money is plenty here for loaning and can be had at as low rates as in any of the western states.

Dealer in clothing, gents furnishing goods, hats, caps, and trunks. My business is better than a year ago. I do not think that prohibition has affected it. I expect an increase of business right along and have full confidence in the future of this county. I think there are more goods in my line in this city than there was a year ago.

Police Judge: I came into this office on February 1st, just three months ago today. The saloons had closed the last week in January and the prohibition laws had just gone into practical effect here. During these three months, I have had before me two cases for drunkenness which occurred in my first week: one case for being found in a bawdy house, and 11 cases for quarreling, fighting, swearing, or carrying concealed weapons--14 cases in all. The records of this office show that in the same three months of last year there were 76 police cases, of which 29 were for drunkenness, 21 for being found in a bawdy house, and 16 for quarreling and fighting.

Real estate agent: Though there is quite a number of vacant rooms in the city, there are more occupied buildings now than there were a year ago. There were a great many new buildings erected during the past year.

There is no sickness here which belongs to the country, nothing but chronic diseases which have been brought here with the patients. Chronic cases of catarrh and kindred diseases yield readily to treatment here by the aid of atmospheric influences. This is not a malarial country. I shall take the physicians oath and abide by and support the prohibitory law. Rents are high here, too high. Six months rent at the rate I pay for the office I occupy would build one as good.

Dealer in Agricultural implements and machinery. My trade is better than it was a year ago. I am selling more wagons, more cultivators, and more of almost every other kind of farm machinery. I am giving less credit than a year ago not that there are fewer men whom I would credit, for it is a fact that there are many more farmers whom I would credit than there were a year ago. Then there were many farmers who were in town frequently, drinking and idling around, seeming to care little for their farm work, who are now rarely seen in town; and when they do come, attend to their purchases and leave. And when I see them at home, they are busily putting in their seed and improving their farms. I could name a large number of farmers who have reformed wonderfully in this particular. I travel over our county frequently, and observe that an unusual amount of improvements are going on this spring.

My practice is not as good as it was last year because nobody is sick. It has really been healthy for the last two years. This is a healthy country. There is no malaria here and nothing to make it unhealthy. Cannot tell as yet what effect prohibition has or will have on the general health, but of course it will be favorable. I think I shall follow the advice of the Medical Association, which meets in Wichita soon, with regard to qualifying for and prescribing liquors for medicine.

City engineer. I have taken considerable pains to ascertain the situation of the sheep interest in this county. A year ago there were about 40,000 sheep in this county. Recently I got actual enumeration of 69,500 sheep in the county, and there were probably many that I did not get. The sheep are about two thirds graded merinos and one third native Colorado and Missouri. A large majority of the bucks are nearly full blood merinos called thorough breds. I think the wool crop of this county this spring will amount to 350,000 pounds and will net $70,000.

Pastor of the first Presbyterian church. My congregations average larger than they did a year ago. I note the presence of many whom I did not see in church a year ago. The attendance at the sabbath school is much greater than it was a year ago. The contributions of members of the congregation to pay the pastor and expenses are much larger and more readily paid and the finances of the church are in much better condition.

Real estate agent. I am selling more farms than I did a year ago. Almost all who buy pay entirely cash down. There are some vacant houses in this city, perhaps twenty five, but there have been built a great many more than that within a year. There are many more occupied houses in this city than there were a year ago.

Postmaster: The Winfield post office is a post office of the second class. The revenues of this office for the last three months ending April 30th were $1,851. For the corresponding months of last year they were $1,830.

Liveryman. Our business is starting out very good this spring. During the hard, cold winter it was rather dull. A year ago our business was booming on account of the recent completion of two railroads to this place. Now it is not so good, but it is excellent nevertheless. Could not say that the prohibitory law has any effect on our business. There are four livery stocks in this city the same as a year ago.

President of the board of trustees of the M. E. Church. The congregations assembled for services at this church average a considerable larger than a year ago. The seats are generally pretty well filled. The seating capacity of the church is about six hundred. I observe that many persons attend church who did not attend a year ago. This church is a fine, large building, 40 x 80 feet of Cowley County building stone, and the audience room is the whole size with a gallery. The financial condition of the church is excellent and the subscriptions for expenses are better and larger than they were a year ago. Our sabbath school is in a flourishing condition. The average attendance is 160, which is greater than a year ago.

Dealer in millinery stock, sewing machines, and organs. The business of this house is good, but not so good as a year ago. One man and three ladies are employed in this house and are kept very busy. The season is about a month later than last year and trade has hardly commenced. It is likely to exceed that of last spring in the outcome. There are four millinery stocks in town same as last year. The trade in sewing machines and organs is better than I had reason to expect. Do not see as the prohibitory law has affected our trade as yet, but think the effect will be to make better trade.

Farmer of Tisdale township. There is as much building going on in the county as ever, more trees are being planted than ever before, more corn is put in than ever before, more breaking going on, and more farm work generally being done. There is not an empty house to be had and the population is increasing.

General hardware, stoves, and tinware. Out trade is fully as good as it was a year ago. We expected a large falling off in trade on account of short crops last year. We account for the continued good trade by the arrival of men with money who are settling in the county. We get some of the money which was formerly spent for liquor.

Farmer. There is more corn put in than ever before and the stand is excellent. Many of the farmers have been through their fields with the cultivator for the first time.

While on my way to Winfield, I heard it frequently reported that this city was going down, and my surprise when I arrived here was great to find the large amount of building and other improvements going on, and the lively trade that is being transacted. Winfield is the liveliest and most flourishing city of the size which I have seen in my travels this spring.

Dealers in furniture. Our trade is better than it was a year ago, though we have more competition in the business than we had then. The tendency of the short crops of last summer to decrease the trade is fully made up by the tendency of those then in the habit of spending their money for liquor to now spend it for furniture and ornaments for their homes. We observe that there are fewer men on the streets and sidewalks nowadays than there were a year ago, and fewer men calling to examine and price our goods; but then men would lounge around awhile and leave without buying, while now they almost always buy something. We notice that many women who come in here have a more cheerful, happy look than they had a year ago. Our trade in coffins has fallen off.

Our trade is more than double what it was a year ago. We are carrying a larger and better stock than we did then. There are twelve grocery stores in town, the same number there were a year ago.

Seed store and agricultural implements. The seed trade is one-third better than it was a year ago. We have been paying less attention to the implement business than last year, and our trade is less. We are satisfied that prohibition is helping our trade considerably. Many are planting seeds who used to be loafing around, drinking more or less.

Pastor of the first Baptist church. My congregation average larger than it did a year ago, and our finances are in better condition. We have the foundation laid for a new church, which will cost $10,000, which we expect to erect in due time.

Trustee of the Christian church. The congregations at our church are larger than a year ago, and the church is in better financial condition. Our Sabbath school is better attended.

Pastor of the Protestant Episcopal church. This church had its beginning within a year. It is in a flourishing condition. We have no suitable place of worship yet, and our congregations are not as large as we would expect with a suitable room. They average about fifty. We think we shall be able to build a new church during this year.

General merchandise. Our trade is about the same as it was a year ago. Then we had a great amount of orders from men engaged in building the railroads, which we have not got now. Our trade in butter, eggs, chickens, etc., is immense. This city is shipping more of these kinds of produce than any other city in Kansas, and we will undertake to show it from our books if anyone doubts it. Most of our shipments are to Colorado and New Mexico. This is the best county in the West.

Think the closing of the saloons has reduced my oyster business very largely. When a squad of men have got pretty full of liquor, it makes them feel so rich that they will buy oysters by the quantity. My cigar and fruit business is better and increasing. Men who drink liquor do not buy fruit as a general rule.

Clothing and gents furnishing goods. Our trade is larger than it was a year ago. The present outlook for trade is much better than it was last year at this time. I do not see that prohibition has affected my business in any way. It cannot be that it has hurt this town in the least, and the country will soon be richer and more populous for it.

General merchandise. I am a newcomer here just commencing to build up a business. My trade is better than I expected it would be. I think prohibition is affecting the trade, that many children are wearing shoes who never had any before and get more bread and meat to eat.

Dealers in boots and shoes. Our impression is that our trade is just about as large as it was a year ago. Then the farmers had wheat and corn kept over, which they were selling and had plenty of money; now their last year's crop is exhausted. It is true that there are buildings for rent here now while a year ago it was difficult to get one, but rents are still about one-third higher than they ought to be. We have no means of knowing what effect prohibition has had upon our trade thus far. There are two more stocks of shoes and boots in town than there were a year ago.

Stock dealer. The acreage of corn planted this spring in this county is twenty to twenty-five percent greater than it was last year, and what is particularly noticeable, the work is better done. It has all come up and is looking splendidly. If nothing unusual happens to prevent, the crop will be one-third greater than ever before. My shipments of stock for the market are about the same as they were a year ago. In the last three months I have shipped: Fat hogs, 65 cars, 4,259 head, $48,813.33; fat sheep, 3,413 head, $15,944; fat cattle, 100 head, $4,500. Total amount paid, $69,307.33.

of the Protestant Episcopal church. This church had its beginning within a year. It is in a flourishing condition. We have no suitable place of worship yet, and our congregations are not as large as we would expect with a suitable room. They average about fifty. We think we shall be able to build a new church during this year.

General merchandise. Our trade is about the same as it was a year ago. Then we had a great amount of orders from men engaged in building the railroads, which we have not got now. Our trade in butter, eggs, chickens, etc., is immense. This city is shipping more of these kinds of produce than any other city in Kansas, and we will undertake to show it from our books if anyone doubts it. Most of our shipments are to Colorado and New Mexico. This is the best county in the West.

Think the closing of the saloons has reduced my oyster business very largely. When a squad of men have got pretty full of liquor, it makes them feel so rich that they will buy oysters by the quantity. My cigar and fruit business is better and increasing. Men who drink liquor do not buy fruit as a general rule.

Clothing and gents furnishing goods. Our trade is larger than it was a year ago. The present outlook for trade is much better than it was last year at this time. I do not see that prohibition has affected my business in any way. It cannot be that it has hurt this town in the least, and the country will soon be richer and more populous for it.

General merchandise. I am a newcomer here just commencing to build up a business. My trade is better than I expected it would be. I think prohibition is affecting the trade, that many children are wearing shoes who never had any before and get more bread and meat to eat.

Dealers in boots and shoes. Our impression is that our trade is just about as large as it was a year ago. Then the farmers had wheat and corn kept over, which they were selling and had plenty of money; now their last year's crop is exhausted. It is true that there are buildings for rent here now while a year ago it was difficult to get one, but rents are still about one-third higher than they ought to be. We have no means of knowing what effect prohibition has had upon our trade thus far. There are two more stocks of shoes and boots in town than there were a year ago.

Stock dealer. The acreage of corn planted this spring in this county is twenty to twenty-five percent greater than it was last year, and what is particularly noticeable, the work is better done. It has all come up and is looking splendidly. If nothing unusual happens to prevent, the crop will be one-third greater than ever before. My shipments of stock for the market are about the same as they were a year ago. In the last three months I have shipped: Fat hogs, 65 cars, 4,259 head, $48,813.33; fat sheep, 3,413 head, $15,944; fat cattle, 100 head, $4,500. Total amount paid, $69,307.33.

Principal of the public schools of Winfield. The attendance and interest in the schools of this city are much greater than they were a year ago. For the last three months the enrollment of pupils was 402 and the average daily attendance was 386. The corresponding three months of last year the enrollment was 236 and average daily attendance 226.

Produce dealers. Our business is much larger than it was a year ago. In the last two months we have shipped to Colorado and New Mexico 32,070 dozens of eggs and 6,761 pounds of butter, besides large quantities of dressed poultry. We are handling a large amount of fresh garden vegetables, and besides what we are able to buy we cultivate 12 acres in garden sauce. We raise a large amount of poultry and keep the best breeds.

Dealers in dry goods, carpets, clothing, and gents furnishing goods. Our trade is about the same it was a year ago. We had reason to expect it would be much less on account of the short crops. We do not know how to account for the continued good trade. Cannot tell what effect the prohibition law has upon it.

Dealer in books and stationary and news dealer. My business is generally better than it was last year, but I had reason from the short crops to expect a large decrease of trade. I sell more books, and more from my soda fountain. It is certainly too soon to make an estimate of the effect of prohibition upon my trade. Can tell better a year from now.

Dealer in clothing and gents furnishing goods. My trade is fully as good as it was a year ago though I had reason to expect a considerable falling off on account of the short crops. It is too early to estimate the effect of prohibition upon my trade. If we have plenty of rains this year as we now expect, the trade will be much better than it is now.

Dealer in general hardware, stoves, tinware, agricultural implements, and machinery. My trade during this month of April has not been materially different in the aggregate from that of April of last year. In planters, cultivators, and other tools for corn raising, my trade is better than ever before. Last year the season was about a month earlier than this year and now our heaviest trade has hardly commenced. It now appears that the aggregate of the spring trade will be better than it was last year. I apprehended a very much smaller cash trade than a year ago, because of the short crops last year. I did not expect there was anywhere near as much money in the country as there seems to be. I cannot tell yet whether the prohibitory law has the effect to increase my trade. Last year when it became evident that the wheat crop would be short, the sales began to fall off and profits to grow less, which continued until

recently.

My trade is better than it was a year ago. There are 12 grocery stocks in town, the same as a year ago. Had the crops been average crops last year, my trade would have been much larger. A year ago many merchants wanted to get out of business. There does not appear to be any such sentiment now. I do not know what effect the prohibition law has upon trade. I do not see as many men loafing around as formerly, and I presume much of the money formerly spent for liquor now goes for groceries and other goods.

Our business is hardly as good as it was a year ago. There are more groceries in town than a year ago, and the aggregate trade of the place in groceries is as large as then. We have just commenced a new building for our business to be of our Winfield stone, brick front, iron columns, 14 foot ceiling, 25 x 105 ft. with basement. We need more and better room for our business.

We are doing twice the amount of business we did a year ago, probably because we are carrying twice as many goods and are better known. Do not know as the short crops of last year has any effect on our trade. Have not noticed any particular effect of the prohibitory laws on our trade.

Hardware. Business larger than a year ago. It would doubtless be much larger had we full crops last year, but the prohibition law affects us favorably. Men who used to spend their money for liquor now buy a great many things in our line which they have heretofore done without. Our stock is much heavier than it was a year ago, and we expect a much larger trade than we have ever had before.

Member of the State legislature. I live in Arkansas City, Cowley County, Kansas. The prohibition laws went into effect at that place on the first of February, three months ago. No one has left on account of it except the saloon keepers, but a great many have settled there, the population and business is increasing rapidly, and the city is on a boom.

Carpenters and builders. We have more work on hand in the way of building than we had last year notwithstanding the short crops of last summer. We think the amount of building going on is greater for the operation of the prohibitory law. Our workmen get along without liquor, are sober, and industrious; and most of them are settled in homes with their families. We think that within six months, we shall have large accessions of newcomers with capital who are coming here because of the prohibitory law, and will have many more good building contracts to offer. The tramp carpenters are steering clear of this place and that makes work for the resident carpenters steady and valuable.

Business in this line is about as good as it was a year ago, less country and more town trade. Don't think prohibition will make our business any less.

Real estate and loan agents. The demand for farms and the prices of real estate are about the same in this county as they were a year ago. There are many newcomers who appear to be men of standing and of more wealth than those who came last year. They do not hesitate to buy on account of prohibition, but express gratification on account of it. We believe prohibition is going to be a great benefit to our county by inducing the better class of people to settle here.

Well drillers. The demand for our work is about the same as it was a year ago. We drill wells in all parts of the county and travel all over the county frequently. I observe that the amount of building and other improvements going on in the county now is full as much as a year ago. I see full as many and I think more newcomers settling in this county than there were a year ago.

Those settling this spring are a good class of citizens having money, intelligence, and energy. Many of them have told us that they came to this state because they wanted to raise their children where they would not be contaminated by the influences of the liquor traffic. The promise for large crops the coming year is excellent and the farmers are in the best of spirits.

General merchandise. Our business is about the same as it was last year. We had reason to apprehend it would be less on account of the bad season last year. Cannot explain why business has kept up so well. Produce is bringing a better price, though there is much less of it, a considerable stock is being handled, and a considerable amount of eggs, butter, etc., is being sold. We do not observe that the prohibitory law has affected our business in any way. There are less people on the streets than a year ago, but more and better buyers in proportion to the crowd than last year. It is rather wonderful how our trade keeps up under the circumstances. As partly accounting for it, we have more goods, a larger, better, and more convenient room, and better facilities for showing goods. Our sale room is 25 x 140, well filled with goods, with basement same size for storage, a large carpet room in the second story, and an elevator from the basement to the second story. French plate glass front and lighted with gas throughout.

The business deposits in the bank are much better and larger in volume than ever before. We do not think the increase of the volume of business of the city is much over that of a year ago, but we attribute a considerable portion of the increase of our deposits to newcomers who have settled in this vicinity bringing with them large sums of money to invest. Many of these have told us that they would not have settled in Kansas but for the prohibition laws. This law is favorable to banks because it raises the value of names as securities. A man who is good for $1,000 now, is likely to be better a year from now, while formerly many such would be likely to be depreciated as sureties by liquor. All Kansas banks will stand better with their eastern correspondents because their home securities will be more valuable.

Our deposit business is better than it ever was before, which indicates that the general business of the city is larger than it was last year. The business of Winfield is in a healthier condition than it has ever been. The natural effect of the failure of crops last year would have been to reduce the present volume of business more than twenty-five percent, but the prohibitory laws or something else has neutralized this effect. We are anticipating a business boom as soon as the harvest is over.

State Senator. The prohibitory law has been in force here for three months and works to a charm. There is very little drinking apparent in the community and I am convinced that the law will be a success. I have changed my opinion on the matter, which was formerly adverse to the practicability of such a law. Our county will be wealthier, more populous, and a better place to live because of this law.